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Who’s leading Nepal after Oli resignation, what’s next for Gen Z protests? | Civil Rights News

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Nepal’s military has taken over the streets of the capital, Kathmandu, in a bid to end two days of protests against corruption that rapidly escalated into a full-blown public revolt against the country’s political elite, culminating in Prime Minister KP Oli’s resignation on Tuesday.

At least 19 people were killed in clashes with security forces on Monday that further inflamed protesters, who on Tuesday set the country’s Parliament building on fire while also torching the homes of several prominent politicians.

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On Wednesday, amid a curfew, the Nepali army ordered people to stay at home.

Yet with Oli no longer prime minister, questions about Nepal’s political future are growing, especially with the Gen Z protesters who forced his removal unwilling to settle for a replacement prime minister from the current parliament.

So who is in charge in Nepal at the moment – and what happens next?

What happened in Nepal?

Youth-led “Gen Z” protests began in Kathmandu and other cities of Nepal on Monday.

The demonstrations were against corruption scandals in the country and were prompted by rising anger online towards the children of Nepali government officials – dubbed “Nepo kids” – who document their lavish lifestyles online. The protests broke out days after the country blocked more than 20 social media sites for not complying with government rules. This ban has since been lifted.

A few hours into the protest on Monday, demonstrators broke through police barricades and entered Parliament premises. Some people defied a curfew ordered by authorities. The police ended up shooting live rounds at the protesters, killing at least 19 people and injuring more than 100.

On Tuesday, curfews were imposed in several districts of Nepal. However, protesters defied the curfew orders and set fire to government buildings, including the parliament, alongside the office of the country’s leading daily news media organisation, Kantipur Publications.

Oli, who was elected as PM for the fourth time last year, announced his resignation. Other ministers in Nepal also resigned from their posts.

Nepali ministers had to be evacuated through helicopters to protect them from the flames and mob attacks. Protesters also began to break into prisons and free inmates.

What’s behind the army deployment in Nepal?

The Nepali army was deployed after 10pm (16:15 GMT) on Tuesday.

While military mobilisation is relatively uncommon in Nepal, Bishnu Raj Upreti, a public policy analyst and research director at Nepal Centre for Contemporary Research (NCCR), told Al Jazeera that the army has been deployed in Nepal on the streets in the past.

The most prominent example of that, he said, was “during the later half of the Maoist insurgency period”. Nepal’s civil war lasted from 1996 to 2006. It began when the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) launched an armed rebellion against the monarchy and government. The Maoist insurgency ended with the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Accord in November 2006, leading to the abolition of the monarchy and the establishment of a federal democratic republic in Nepal two years later.

This week, as protests erupted, the army initially remained in its barracks but was called out onto the streets by President Ram Chandra Poudel after the Nepali police was unable to control the soaring agitation.

“The situation was out of control of civilian government,” Upreti said. “Hence army came into the forefront in coordination with president. It is a crisis management option.”

Before the army’s mobilisation, the chiefs of Nepal’s security forces, alongside the army, released a statement, urging restraint and peace.

The statement, originally in Nepali, says: “As coordination is under way between the relevant parties to address the situation after the protest and resolve the problem, any demonstrations, vandalism, looting, arson, and attacks on individuals and property in the name of the protest will be considered punishable crimes and strict action will be taken by security personnel.

“In addition, the Nepali Army is confident that it will continue to fulfill its respective responsibilities to maintain national unity and social harmony and normalise public life.”

Is the army in charge?

Officially, experts said, the army’s role is merely to restore order, and not to fill the administrative gap left by Oli’s resignation.

“At present, the army’s role is confined to ensuring security rather than exercising administrative control,” Yog Raj Lamichhane, an assistant professor at the School of Business in Nepal’s Pokhara University, told Al Jazeera.

In practice, though, Upreti said the army was effectively in charge of the country at the moment, because President Poudel – seen as a part of the same ruling elite that the protesters want to remove from power – lacks credibility among the Gen Z campaigners for change.

“Even if there is ceremonial president above the army, he is not accepted by the Gen-Z so he has to rely on coordination with the army,” he said. “Functionally, the army is in charge, [though] constitutionally the president is still in charge of the country.”

How and when could an interim government be formed?

Paudel and the Nepali army have called the protesters for talks on the country’s political future, with the president positioning himself as a convener of that dialogue, Lamichhane said.

But first, more than 3,200 young Nepalis are currently huddling in an online discussion on social media messaging platform Discord to debate “who will officially take part in the talks and what issues will be discussed”, said Anish Ghimre, a Nepali journalist with the Kathmandu Post, arguably Nepal’s most reputed English publication, and a part of the Kantipur group.

Some of the potential demands they could make include the dissolution of parliament, new elections within six months – or, at most, a year – and possibly, a mechanism to directly elect the prime minister. Term limits for prime ministers, and a reduced term for parliament – from five years to four – might also figure in their demands, Ghimre suggested. Like other parliamentary systems, Nepal’s voters elect their legislature, and it is the party that comes to power that chooses the prime minister.

There are currently no term limits for prime ministers, but no PM has completed a five-year term since the country adopted its post-monarchy constitution in 2008.

Who are the potential contenders to lead Nepal next?

“If the process remains within the constitutional framework,” the next PM – even if in an interim capacity – would need to come from the current members of parliament, Lamichhane said.

“However, if it extends beyond existing provisions, former chief justices are seen as potential candidates,” he said, while adding that “populist youth figures” could also emerge as contenders.

The most prominent among them is 35-year-old rapper-turned-mayor of Kathmandu, Balendra “Balen” Shah.

In comments and posts online, several Nepali social media users supporting the protests have backed Shah as the South Asian country’s next premier. Balen has supported the protests. On Tuesday, he posted on social media, urging demonstrators to exercise restraint.

Shah became Kathmandu’s mayor in 2022, winning the seat as an independent candidate. Before this, he was a musician who used his work to highlight corruption and inequality. However, Shah has also been a controversial figure – a crackdown on street vendors drew criticism from civil society leaders last year. He has also backed the idea of a Greater Nepal – with parts of present-day India included.

In recent months, Nepal’s pro-monarchy movement has also seen a revival, with sections welcoming the former king, 77-year-old Gyanendra Shah, on the streets of Kathmandu in March.

However, experts say the current protesters do not want a monarchy to be reinstated.

“The movement did not demand this, and the republic remains the fundamental framework under discussion,” Lamichhane said.



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‘Kissing bug’ disease should be treated as endemic in US, scientists say | US news

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In February, Luna donated blood at her high school in Miami, with the goal of helping save others.

“She was very proud to come home and say, ‘I gave blood today,’” her mother, Valerie, said. (The Guardian is not using the mother or daughter’s full names to protect their privacy.)

It turned out, she was not able to save someone else’s life but potentially prevented herself from having serious health issues.

A couple months later, she received a letter from the blood donation company informing her that she could not give blood. She had tested positive for Chagas disease, which is caused by a parasite spread by triatomine bugs, otherwise known as kissing bugs.

Neither Luna nor Valerie had heard about the disease, which is most common in rural parts of Mexico and Central and South America, where their family had traveled.

“If you get a letter that tells you, you have blood cancer, you know what it is. But when you receive a letter and you hear, ‘Oh, your daughter has Chagas,’ … you’re like, oh, what is this?” said Valerie.

Dr Norman Beatty, who has studied the kissing bugs, said that like Valerie and Luna, most people in the US have not heard of Chagas, even though it is not just present south of the border but within the country.

Beatty, an associate professor of medicine at the University of Florida College of Medicine, is part of a group of scientists that authored a new report arguing that the United States should treat Chagas as an endemic disease, meaning that there is a constant or usual prevalence of a disease or infectious agent in a population within a geographic area.

They hope to increase public awareness of Chagas, which while rare, can cause serious health problems.

“My hope is that with more awareness of Chagas, we can build a better infrastructure around helping others understand whether or not they are at risk of this disease” and cause people to think about it similarly to other vector-borne illnesses, like from mosquitoes and ticks, said Beatty. “We need to add kissing bugs to this list.”

Bugs spread the parasite through their droppings, which can infect humans if they enter the body through a cut or via the eyes or mouth, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

It can cause symptoms such as fever, fatigue and eyelid swelling in the weeks or months after infection.

Some people, like Luna, do not develop any symptoms – at least initially – but about 20 to 30% of people infected can develop chronic issues later in life such as an enlarged heart and heart failure, or an enlarged esophagus or colon, leading to trouble eating or going to the bathroom.

About 8 million people, including 280,000 in the United States, have the disease, according to the CDC.

It is not a recent arrival to the US. The 1,200-year-old remains of a man buried in south Texas revealed that he had Chagas and an abnormally-enlarged colon, according to a report in the Gastroenterology journal.

More recently, human development in new areas has brought us “closer to the kissing bugs’ natural environment”, Beatty said.

People in at least eight states have been infected with Chagas from local bugs, according to the new report, which was published in the CDC’s Emerging Infectious Diseases journal.

But the fact that it has not been declared endemic to the United States has led to “low awareness and underreporting”, the report states.

A 2010 survey conducted of some American Medical Association providers found that 19% of infectious disease doctors had never heard of Chagas and 27% said they were “not at all confident,” in their knowledge of the disease being up to date.

“If you ask physicians about Chagas, they would think that it is either something transmitted by ticks … or they would say that’s something that doesn’t exist in the US,” said Dr Bernardo Moreno Peniche, a physician and anthropologist who was one of the authors of the report with Beatty.

But Beatty sees people with Chagas every week at a clinic in Florida dedicated to travel medicine and tropical diseases. (Those patients were infected with Chagas in Latin America.)

Beatty said there is a misconception that tests for Chagas are not reliable or available in the United States.

“We have the infrastructure to start screening people who have had exposure to these bugs and who may be in a region where we had known transmission, so we should be thinking about this as kind of routine care,” Beatty said.

After Valerie received the letter about Luna’s infection, she contacted her pediatrician who quickly responded and told them to see an infectious disease doctor.

That physician told them it was likely a “false positive” and ordered additional tests before eventually starting treatment, Valerie said.

Frustrated by the medical care, Valerie sought out a new physician and found Beatty, who prescribed a different anti-parasitic therapy.

Even among people like Luna who are not experiencing any symptoms, such treatment is often recommended, Beatty said.

The goal is to “detect early and treat early to avoid the chronic, often permanent damage that can occur”, Beatty explained.

The treatment took two months, during which Luna experienced side effects like hives and severe swelling in her hands and feet, she said.

While she is finished with the treatment, there is no definitive test to determine whether such patients will develop chronic Chagas symptoms, but it’s less likely, Beatty said.

“I hope the CDC takes it seriously,” Valerie said, “and that we can move forward and have good awareness, so that people want to be tested and get tested and get the treatment they need.”



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Trump and Witkoff dine with Qatari PM in NY, days after Israeli strike on Hamas in Doha

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NEW YORK — US President Donald Trump held dinner with the Qatari prime minister in New York on Friday, days after US ally Israel attacked Hamas leaders in Doha.

Israel attempted to kill the leaders of the terror group with an attack in Qatar on Tuesday, a strike that risked derailing US-backed efforts to broker a truce in Gaza and end the nearly two-year-old conflict. The attack was widely condemned in the Middle East and beyond as an act that could escalate tensions in a region already on edge.

Trump reportedly expressed annoyance about the strike in a phone call with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, as well as in public, and sought to assure the Qataris that such attacks would not happen again.

Trump and Qatari Prime Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman al-Thani were joined for the meal by a top Trump adviser, US special envoy Steve Witkoff.

“Great dinner with POTUS. Just ended,” Qatar’s deputy chief of mission, Hamad Al-Muftah, said on X.

The White House confirmed the dinner had taken place but offered no details.

Members of the Secret Service block the street in front of the White House as US Vice President JD Vance and Secretary of State Marco Rubio meet with Qatari Prime Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman al-Thani in Washington, DC, on September 12, 2025 (ANDREW CABALLERO-REYNOLDS / AFP)

The session followed an hour-long meeting that al-Thani had at the White House on Friday with Vice President JD Vance and US Secretary of State Marco Rubio.

A source briefed on the meeting said they discussed Qatar’s future as a mediator in the region and defense cooperation in the wake of the Israeli strikes against Hamas in Doha.

Qatar’s Foreign Ministry said in a statement that Vance and Rubio expressed their appreciation for Qatar’s “tireless mediation efforts and its effective role in bringing peace to the region,” and said that Doha is a “reliable strategic ally of the United States of America.”

From L-R: Qatar’s Prime Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman al-Thani, US Vice President JD Vance, and US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, meet in Washington, DC, September 13, 2025. (Qatar’s Foreign Ministry/X)

Thani “affirmed that the State of Qatar will take all measures to protect its security and safeguard its sovereignty in the face of the blatant Israeli attack,” the statement read.

Trump has said he is unhappy with Israel’s strike, which he described as a unilateral action that did not advance US or Israeli interests.

Nevertheless, Rubio is set to leave for a visit to Israel on Saturday, where he will speak to Israeli leaders about “our commitment to fight anti-Israel actions including unilateral recognition of a Palestinian state that rewards Hamas terrorism,” US State Department spokesman Tommy Pigott said in a statement on Friday.

Damage is seen after an Israeli strike targeted a compound that hosted Hamas’ political leadership in Doha, Qatar on September 10, 2025 (AFP)

Washington counts Qatar as a strong Gulf ally. Doha has been a main mediator in long-running negotiations for a ceasefire between Israel and the Palestinian terror group Hamas in Gaza, for the release of Israeli hostages held in Gaza, and for a post-conflict plan for the territory.

Al-Thani blamed Israel on Tuesday for trying to sabotage chances for peace but said Qatar would not be deterred from its role as mediator.

Israel’s security establishment now increasingly believes it failed to kill any of Hamas’s top brass who were gathered at the site of Tuesday’s strike in Doha.

Hamas identified the dead as Jihad Labad, head of the office of top Hamas official Khalil al-Hayya; al-Hayya’s son Hammam al-Hayya; and three others described as “associates” — either advisers or bodyguards: Abdallah Abd al-Wahid, Muamen Hassouna and Ahmad Abd al-Malek. In addition, a Qatari security officer, Lance Corporal Badr Saad Mohammed al-Humaidi al-Dosari, was killed.

Doha will host an emergency Arab-Islamic summit on Sunday and Monday to discuss the Israeli attack, Qatar’s state news agency reported.


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How Tyler Robinson’s father assisted in his arrest in Charlie Kirk’s shooting

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Like thousands of Americans captivated by the manhunt for the shooter who killed conservative political activist Charlie Kirk, a Utah father had seen the photos and video footage of the suspect released by authorities.

The man in the images, dressed in a black T-shirt plastered with an eagle and American flag, could be seen jumping off the roof of a Utah university building after the shooting and running into a wooded area. His face was partially concealed by a dark pair of sunglasses and a baseball cap.

But the father recognized the man.

“Tyler, is this you? This looks like you,” he asked his son, according to a law enforcement official briefed on the investigation.

His son, 22-year-old Tyler Robinson, confessed to his father that he had shot Kirk, the official told CNN.

“I would rather kill myself than turn myself in,” Robinson responded when his father urged him to turn himself in to authorities, the source said.

The father persuaded Robinson to confide in a youth pastor who works with the Washington County Sheriff’s Office and the US Marshal’s Service, the law enforcement source said.

A family friend ultimately contacted the Washington County Sheriff’s Office – over three hours away from the shooting scene in Orem, Utah. The office relayed the tip to authorities in Utah County and the FBI.

That night – hours after authorities said they had “no idea” where exactly the suspect had gone – Robinson was in custody. It was 10 p.m. Thursday in Utah, and state and federal officials had about two hours earlier given a news conference asking the public for help finding the suspect.

“We got him,” Utah Gov. Spencer Cox said at a news conference Friday morning.

The FBI had at that point received over 7,000 leads and tips – the most the agency received since the Boston Marathon bombing in 2013, the governor said. But that one tip from Robinson’s father and family friend led to a major break in the massive manhunt.

It had taken authorities more than 30 hours to track down Robinson, who they allege shot Kirk from a roof above a 3,000-person event at Utah Valley University, striking him in the neck from about 150 yards away and killing him.

After nearly 200 interviews, the collaboration of 20 law enforcement agencies, a $100,000 reward announcement and a back-and-forth search in which two people were questioned and released, the FBI and the Utah Department of Public Safety finally believed they caught the perpetrator of the targeted attack.

Across the country, the killing of the prominent political figure and media personality – the latest in a string of political violence incidents – had sowed shock and confusion. A gruesome video of the shooting that sent the crowd screaming and fleeing spread through social media. In Utah and elsewhere, many waited for a suspect to be named in a case that had a series of twists and turns.

On Wednesday, hours after the attack, authorities believed they had a suspect in custody. That person was questioned and later released, and so was another taken into custody later that day.

As a massive manhunt for the suspect dragged on, authorities shared videos and stills of a suspect, asking for tips from the public to help with the search.

“We cannot do our job without the public’s help,” Cox said Thursday night, hours before Robinson was taken into custody.

President Donald Trump, who has credited Kirk with galvanizing and mobilizing the youth vote for him, said Thursday investigators were “making big progress” in the search for the suspect.

“Whoever did this: We will find you, we will try you, and we will hold you accountable to the furthest extent of the law,” Cox vowed.

Investigators with the FBI had evaluated forensic evidence and combed through over 11,000 leads. About 40 hours after the shooting, authorities announced they were able to fulfill Cox’s promise through Robinson’s father.

“Essentially somebody that was very close to him turned him in,” Trump said on “Fox and Friends” Friday morning.

Several clues pointed authorities to Robinson: his clothing, a dinner conversation he had with a relative and comments he made on a messaging platform.

Less than four hours before the campus event that featured Kirk as a speaker began, Robinson arrived at UVU in a gray Dodge Challenger wearing a plain maroon T-shirt, light-colored shorts, a black hat and light-colored shoes, Cox said, citing UVU surveillance footage.

He later changed his clothes on the roof and then jumped down, leaving palm impressions, smudges that authorities hoped to collect DNA from and a shoe imprint, according to a police affidavit. At some point, Robinson changed back into the same clothes he arrived in.

The next day – when authorities had taken the suspect into custody – Robinson was wearing an outfit that was similar to the one seen in surveillance video. And a relative confirmed Robinson had a gray Dodge Challenger.

“When he was arrested, the clothing matched the clothing he had on before the shooting here at UVU,” Cox said.

Robinson – a third-year student in an electrical apprenticeship program who grew up in the small suburban community of Washington, Utah – had in recent years become more political, one of his relatives told investigators, according to the affidavit.

At a family dinner, Robinson had told his relatives that Kirk would be speaking at UVU and that he didn’t agree with his views, one relative told investigators. Robinson had no party affiliation and didn’t vote in the two most recent elections, voter registration records show.

Messages Robinson is believed to have sent on Discord stated a need to retrieve a rifle from a pick-up point, leaving the rifle in a bush, watching the area where a rifle was left and having wrapped the rifle in a towel, according to the affidavit.

The messages, which Robinson’s roommate showed investigators, also refer to engraving bullets and mention a scope and rifle being unique, officials said. Another message stated that he had changed outfits.

Investigators later discovered a bolt-action rifle wrapped in a towel. Inscriptions that read “Hey, fascist! CATCH!” and “If you read This, you are GAY. Lmao,” were engraved on unfired casings found with the rifle, officials said.

A still from a video released by the FBI of the shooter in Utah Valley. The subject is seen jumping from the rooftop of a building after the shooting.

Robinson is now being held without bail at Utah County Jail on several initial charges, including aggravated murder, felony discharge of a firearm and obstruction of justice, according to officials. He is expected to face formal charges and will make his first court appearance on Tuesday.

Following his arrest, Robinson initially spoke with some law enforcement but quickly went silent Friday morning after hiring a lawyer, sources familiar with the matter told CNN.

Cox had said on Wednesday that officials would pursue the death penalty against the shooting suspect.

“There is one person responsible for what happened here, and that person is now in custody and will be charged soon and will be held accountable,” Cox said.





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