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Should we be letting flies eat our food waste?

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MaryLou Costa

Technology Reporter

Reporting fromVilnius, Lithuania
Energesman A hand holding fly larvaeEnergesman

Fly larvae are excellent at converting food waste into protein

Most people are inclined to shoo flies away from food, and the thought of maggots in your bins is enough to make anyone’s stomach turn.

But a handful of city councils have embraced maggots – more formally known as fly larvae – and their taste for rotting food.

In Vilnius, capital of the Baltic state of Lithuania, fly larvae have officially been given the job of processing the 2,700 tonnes of food waste the city’s 607,000 residents put out for collection each year, alongside that of the six neighbouring councils.

Energesman, the waste management company that began relieving Vilnius of its food waste earlier this year, doesn’t actually charge the city for this service.

That is saving the city up to €2m (£1.7m; $2.3m) per year, based on a target of processing 12,000 tonnes in 2026 says the company’s chief executive, Algirda Blazgys.

Energesman has rolled out new orange food waste bags to residents, alongside an influencer marketing campaign to encourage more Vilniečiai to separate their food waste, as the 2,700 tonnes collected is only a fraction of the 40,000 tonnes of household waste the city is thought to generate.

Last year it become mandatory for councils to collect food waste, so the city needs to find ways to deal with it.

Energesman, meanwhile, has plans to turn the fattened fly larvae into a new income stream.

It houses around six million flies in a special zone within its Vilnius plant, who mate around every six hours, according to CEO Algirdas Blazgys.

A female fly can lay around 500 eggs in her average 21-day lifespan, so Mr Blazgys and his team are dealing with more than three million larvae a month, who can consume more than 11 tonnes of food waste in the first, hungriest days of their lives.

Energesman A pile of food wasteEnergesman

You can see the new orange bags amongst this pile of Vilnius food waste

It’s the huge appetites of these tiny creatures that make them such excellent candidates for food waste processing. This study shows a swarm of them demolishing a 16 inch pizza in just two hours.

The trick is to cull them before they transform into mature flies. That way the protein rich fly larvae can be converted into protein products for use in animal feed or industrial use, for example as an ingredient in paint, glue, lamp shades and furniture covers.

Also, their manure, known as frass, can be used as fertiliser.

Energesman has already set up supply trials with partners in the paint, glue and furniture industries, but Mr Blazgys acknowledges it’s proving more complicated than he anticipated.

The sample paint produced using Energesman-reared fly larvae didn’t quite come out in the right colour, but the lamp shades created look promising.

He also has university partnerships in place to supply fly larvae for research purposes and for feeding bacteria. And of course, the larvae are in demand from the local fishing industry to use as bait.

But EU health and safety regulations mean fly larvae fed with kitchen waste can’t be used in edible insect products for human consumption, as there could be cross contamination from meat and fish scraps.

“We came up with some crazy ideas, then we started looking for other people that could also come with some crazy ideas about what we could do,” says Mr Blazgys.

“As it’s still very new, some people are still looking to see if we’re going to fail, so they don’t want to brag about it yet. But I think we’re going to come up with something good.”

While there are numerous cases around the world of fly larvae being used in food waste management, and being harvested as a protein ingredient, it’s largely on a commercial basis, for example, a private contract between a hotel or apartment building owner and a fly larvae rearer.

In Kenya, Project Mila is a social enterprise using fly larvae to tackle Mombasa’s mounting food waste problem, while also supplying frass as fertiliser to local farmers.

Yet there are just a handful of city councils that have adopted this way of processing food waste.

Goterra in Australia has used fly larvae to help Sydney get through its food waste, as part of a limited trial which began this year.

For the past three years, Goterra has also been working with three townships that are part of the neighbouring Queanbeyan-Palerang Regional Council, recycling around 10 tonnes of food waste.

Flybox Larry Kotch holds a blue container full of fly larvaeFlybox

Larry Kotch hopes UK councils will be allowed to use fly larvae for food waste

Whether we will see UK councils start shipping in millions of flies, so their larvae can munch through the 6.4 million tonnes of household food waste produced here yearly, is only a matter of time.

That’s the optimistic view of Larry Kotch. He’s the CEO and co-founder of insect waste management company Flybox, which he says builds more insect waste processing sites than any other company in the UK, which then work largely with private food manufacturers and supermarkets.

Flybox is also a founding member of the Insect Bioconversion Association, an industry body representing companies in the space.

UK councils are interested, Mr Kotch believes, especially because weekly household food waste collections will become mandatory in England from March 2026.

Around 148 of England’s 317 local authorities still don’t offer this, according to the Local Authority Recycling Advisory Committee.

Flybox A hand holding fly larvaeFlybox

Fly larvae can demolish a large pizza in a two hours

But regulations set by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) are currently barring councils from using fly larvae to process food waste.

If regulation could move in line with science, Mr Kotch argues that “the UK could see its first council-contracted insect plant within two years”.

“Unfortunately, with government it’s always safer to say no… Everyone we’ve spoken to in UK councils are very excited about insect protein and would much rather work with insect farms than alternative technologies.”

DEFRA confirmed to the BBC that the Animal By-Product Regulations restrict insects from being used to process organic waste streams.

It says there are currently no plans to review these regulations. “Our waste management regulations play a crucial role in protecting UK biosecurity and reducing the risk of disease,” the spokesperson said.

The current alternative for sending food waste to landfill is anaerobic digestion (AD), a breakdown process which creates biogas.

However, Mr Kotch says current AD plants aren’t enough to cope with the anticipated influx of household food waste.

“Globally, over 1.3 billion tonnes of food is wasted every year. We believe up to 40% of that could be upcycled using insect waste management. And not only does it avoid disposal costs and methane emissions, but it also produces valuable protein and organic fertiliser,” says Mr Kotch.

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I tried recreating memories with Veo 3 and it went better than I thought, with one big exception

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If someone offers to make an AI video recreation of your wedding, just say no. This is the tough lesson I learned when I started trying to recreate memories with Google’s Gemini Veo model. What started off as a fun exercise ended in disgust.

I grew up in the era before digital capture. We took photos and videos, but most were squirreled away in boxes that we only dragged out for special occasions. Things like the birth of my children and their earliest years were caught on film and 8mm videotape.



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Roche’s Chugai Breaks Into Aging via Potential $1B+ Deal With AI Outfit Gero

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Tokyo-based Chugai Pharmaceutical is joining with the AI-driven biotech Gero, in a research collaboration on age-related diseases potentially worth more than $1 billion.

The collaboration will see Chugai, majority owned by Roche, creating novel antibody drug candidates using its in-house engineering capabilities. The targets sought by those antibodies will be discovered using Gero’s AI target discovery platform, which serves as predictive models of human health trained on longitudinal medical records. Chugai will get exclusive worldwide rights to any drug candidates made in the collaboration.

Under terms of the deal, Chugai will make an undisclosed upfront payment and put up approximately $250 million if certain unannounced development or sales milestones are reached. If Chugai successfully launches a product, the company will pay Gero additional royalties, which could push the total value of the deal to above $1 billion, according to an email sent to BioSpace from a Chugai representative.

Though the companies did not announce any specific indications they will be targeting in the collaboration, Singapore-based Gero’s stated cause is to eliminate the “root causes of age-related diseases.”

“Our AI platform is built to identify therapeutic targets that drive multiple age-related diseases and potentially aging itself,” Gero CEO Peter Fedichev said in a statement. “In this collaboration, we aim to translate those insights into therapeutics that can help restore the lost function. This partnership with Chugai is an important step toward achieving Gero’s mission: to meaningfully target the biological processes of human aging.”

Gero previously inked a deal with Pfizer in January 2023 to apply its AI technology platform to discover targets in fibrotic diseases. Financial terms of that deal were not disclosed, only that Gero would receive an upfront payment and be eligible to receive discovery milestone payments. Gero appears to still be in its early stages, having raised a $6 million series A round in 2023. The company does not have a published drug pipeline on its website.

Chugai, for its part, has partnered with AI companies since late last decade, making it an early entrant into the biopharma-AI space. In 2018 Chugai linked up with the deep learning company Preferred Networks, paying the latter about $5 million (¥‎700 million) for access to its platform. More recently, Chugai partnered with SoftBank in January to use generative AI to accelerate drug development, with the aim of streamlining personnel and costs associated with clinical trials.





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Ascendion Wins Gold as the Artificial Intelligence Service Provider of the Year in 2025 Globee® Awards

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  • Awarded Gold for excellence in real-world AI implementation and measurable enterprise outcomes
  • Recognized for agentic AI innovation through ASCENDION AAVA platform, accelerating software delivery and unlocking business value at scale
  • Validated as a category leader in operationalizing AI across enterprise ecosystems—from generative and ethical AI to machine learning and NLP—delivering productivity, transparency, and transformation

BASKING RIDGE, N.J., July 7, 2025 /PRNewswire/ — Ascendion, a leader in AI-powered software engineering, has been awarded Gold as the Artificial Intelligence Service Provider of the Year in the 2025 Globee® Awards for Artificial Intelligence. This prestigious honor recognizes Ascendion’s bold leadership in delivering practical, enterprise-grade AI solutions that drive measurable business outcomes across industries.

The Globee® Awards for Artificial Intelligence celebrate breakthrough achievements across the full spectrum of AI technologies including machine learning, natural language processing, generative AI, and ethical AI. Winners are recognized for setting new standards in transforming industries, enhancing user experiences, and solving real-world problems with artificial intelligence (AI).

“This recognition validates more than our AI capabilities. It confirms the bold vision that drives Ascendion,” said Karthik Krishnamurthy, Chief Executive Officer, Ascendion. “We’ve been engineering the future with AI long before it became a buzzword. Today, our clients aren’t chasing trends; they’re building what’s next with us. This award proves that when you combine powerful AI platforms, cutting-edge technology, and the relentless pursuit of meaningful outcomes, transformation moves from promise to fact. That’s Engineering to the Power of AI in action.”

Ascendion earned this recognition by driving real-world impact with its ASCENDION AAVA platform and agentic AI capabilities, transforming enterprise software development and delivery. This strategic approach enables clients to modernize engineering workflows, reduce technical debt, increase transparency, and rapidly turn AI innovation into scalable, market-ready solutions. Across industries like banking and financial services, healthcare and life sciences, retail and consumer goods, high-tech, and more, Ascendion is committed to helping clients move beyond experimentation to build AI-first systems that deliver real results.

“The 2025 winners reflect the innovation and forward-thinking mindset needed to lead in AI today,” said San Madan, President of the Globee® Awards. “With organizations across the globe engaging in data-driven evaluations, this recognition truly reflects broad industry endorsement and validation.”

About Ascendion

Ascendion is a leading provider of AI-powered software engineering solutions that help businesses innovate faster, smarter, and with greater impact. We partner with over 400 Global 2000 clients across North America, APAC, and Europe to tackle complex challenges in applied AI, cloud, data, experience design, and workforce transformation. Powered by +11,000 experts, a bold culture, and our proprietary Engineering to the Power of AI (EngineeringAI) approach, we deliver outcomes that build trust, unlock value, and accelerate growth. Headquartered in New Jersey, with 40+ global offices, Ascendion combines scale, agility, and ingenuity to engineer what’s next. Learn more at https://ascendion.com.

Engineering to the Power of AI™, AAVA™, EngineeringAI, Engineering to Elevate Life™, DataAI, ExperienceAI, Platform EngineeringAI, Product EngineeringAI, and Quality EngineeringAI are trademarks or service marks of Ascendion®. AAVA™ is pending registration. Unauthorized use is strictly prohibited.

About the Globee® Awards
The Globee® Awards present recognition in ten programs and competitions, including the Globee® Awards for Achievement, Globee® Awards for Artificial Intelligence, Globee® Awards for Business, Globee® Awards for Excellence, Globee® Awards for Cybersecurity, Globee® Awards for Disruptors, Globee® Awards for Impact. Globee® Awards for Innovation (also known as Golden Bridge Awards®), Globee® Awards for Leadership, and the Globee® Awards for Technology. To learn more about the Globee Awards, please visit the website: https://globeeawards.com.

SOURCE Ascendion



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