Ethics & Policy
Reading These 10 Books Puts You in the Top 5% of Intellectual Minds

Reading These 10 Books Puts You in the Top 5 of Intellectual Minds (Picture Credit – Instagram)
The world’s greatest thinkers have shaped history through profound ideas that challenge conventional wisdom. Some books possess the power to transform the way we perceive the world, pushing us into the intellectual elite. These ten books refine critical thinking, expand philosophical depth, and enrich scientific understanding. If you seek to elevate your mind, these books will take you beyond the ordinary, placing you in the top tier of intellectual curiosity and wisdom.
1. Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid by Douglas Hofstadter
This Pulitzer Prize-winning masterpiece explores the deep connections between mathematics, symmetry, and intelligence. Hofstadter weaves the ideas of mathematician Kurt Gödel, artist M.C. Escher, and composer Johann Sebastian Bach into a mesmerising journey through logic and self-reference. Delving into artificial intelligence, consciousness, and paradoxes, the book offers a profound exploration of human thought and cognition. A foundational read for those fascinated by the nature of reality, it challenges perceptions and unveils the intricate patterns shaping our understanding of the mind.

2. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind by Yuval Noah Harari
Harari’s groundbreaking work examines the evolution of human societies from prehistoric times to the modern era. By blending anthropology, biology, and history, he presents a compelling narrative of how Homo sapiens rose to dominance. The book challenges traditional perspectives on culture, economy, and technology, revealing the forces that have shaped civilization. It provides readers with an expanded understanding of history, offering a unique perspective on the past’s influence on present and future human behaviour.
3. Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman
Kahneman, a Nobel Prize-winning psychologist, explores the two systems that drive human thought: fast, intuitive thinking and slow, deliberate reasoning. He reveals the cognitive biases that influence decision-making, offering profound insights into how we assess risk, form opinions, and interpret the world around us. This book enhances analytical skills and equips readers with a deeper understanding of human behaviour, making it invaluable for those looking to sharpen their critical thinking and decision-making abilities.
4. The Selfish Gene by Richard Dawkins
Dawkins revolutionized evolutionary biology with his gene-centred view of natural selection. ‘The Selfish Gene’ introduces the concept of memes, illustrating how cultural ideas evolve similarly to genetic traits. By reinterpreting Darwinian principles, the book reshapes our understanding of altruism, cooperation, and the drive for survival. It offers a thought-provoking perspective on human nature, biological inheritance, and the underlying mechanisms that govern life, making it an essential read for those interested in genetics and evolutionary theory.
5. The Republic by Plato
Plato’s philosophical treatise remains a cornerstone of political thought and ethical philosophy. Through Socratic dialogues, he examines justice, governance, and the ideal state. His allegory of the cave challenges perceptions of reality, urging readers to question societal constructs. ‘The Republic’ delves into power structures, virtue, and the responsibilities of leadership, making it essential for those seeking wisdom in morality, governance, and the pursuit of knowledge. This classic work continues to inspire deep reflection on justice and human nature.

6. Meditations by Marcus Aurelius
This collection of personal reflections by the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius serves as a guide to Stoic philosophy. It emphasizes resilience, self-discipline, and the importance of virtue in the face of adversity. ‘Meditations’ provides timeless wisdom on mindfulness and self-improvement, encouraging readers to cultivate inner peace and mental clarity. With its focus on ethical living and emotional strength, the book is an indispensable companion for those seeking wisdom in navigating life’s challenges with grace and composure.
7. A Brief History of Time by Stephen Hawking
Hawking’s exploration of cosmology makes complex scientific concepts accessible to general readers. From black holes to the nature of time, he unravels the mysteries of the universe with clarity and depth. The book presents groundbreaking theories on the origins of the cosmos, quantum mechanics, and the fundamental laws governing reality. This book challenges readers to expand their understanding of space and time, making it a must-read for those fascinated by the intricate workings of the universe and scientific discovery.
8. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions by Thomas S. Kuhn
Kuhn’s influential work revolutionized the philosophy of science by introducing the concept of paradigm shifts. He argues that scientific progress is not linear but occurs through transformative revolutions that redefine entire fields of knowledge. ‘The Structure of Scientific Revolutions’ reshapes the understanding of how knowledge evolves, demonstrating how periods of stability give way to intellectual upheaval. This book is essential for those interested in scientific discovery, critical thinking, and the way shifts in perspective shape the trajectory of human understanding.
9. The Brothers Karamazov by Fyodor Dostoevsky
Dostoevsky’s literary masterpiece explores existentialism, morality, and the human psyche through the tumultuous lives of the Karamazov brothers. The novel delves into themes of faith, free will, and justice, presenting profound philosophical dilemmas that challenge readers to confront fundamental questions about good and evil. With its deep psychological complexity and philosophical undertones, ‘The Brothers Karamazov’ remains an intellectual treasure for readers who appreciate thought-provoking literature and the exploration of profound human emotions.

10. The Art of War by Sun Tzu
This ancient Chinese text is more than a military strategy guide; it is a philosophical work on leadership, adaptability, and strategy in all aspects of life. Sun Tzu’s principles of discipline, deception, and strategic planning apply to business, politics, and personal development. ‘The Art of War’ provides timeless wisdom on navigating competition and conflict, offering insights that remain relevant in modern decision-making. Whether applied in the battlefield or boardroom, this book is an indispensable resource for those seeking to master the art of strategic thinking.
These ten books are intellectual powerhouses, essential for expanding knowledge, challenging perceptions, and sharpening critical thinking. Each offers profound insights into human nature, science, philosophy, and strategy, enriching your understanding of the world’s complexities. More than just informative, these works transform how you think, fostering a deeper, more nuanced perspective on reality. By engaging with these texts, you’ll elevate your intellect, refine your worldview, and develop a clearer grasp of the forces shaping both personal thought and global dynamics.
Ethics & Policy
Tech leaders in financial services say responsible AI is necessary to unlock GenAI value

Good morning. CFOs are increasingly responsible for aligning AI investments with business goals, measuring ROI, and ensuring ethical adoption. But is responsible AI an overlooked value creator?
Scott Zoldi, chief analytics officer at FICO and author of more than 35 patents in responsible AI methods, found that many customers he’s spoken to lacked a clear concept of responsible AI—aligning AI ethically with an organizational purpose—prompting an in-depth look at how tech leaders are managing it.
According to a new FICO report released this morning, responsible AI standards are considered essential innovation enablers by senior technology and AI leaders at financial services firms. More than half (56%) named responsible AI a leading contributor to ROI, compared to 40% who credited generative AI for bottom-line improvements.
The report, based on a global survey of 254 financial services technology leaders, explores the dynamic between chief AI/analytics officers—who focus on AI strategy, governance, and ethics—and CTOs/CIOs, who manage core technology operations and alignment with company objectives.
Zoldi explained that, while generative AI is valuable, tech leaders see the most critical problems and ROI gains arising from responsible AI and true synchronization of AI investments with business strategy—a gap that still exists in most firms. Only 5% of respondents reported strong alignment between AI initiatives and business goals, leaving 95% lagging in this area, according to the findings.
In addition, 72% of chief AI officers and chief analytics officers cite insufficient collaboration between business and IT as a major barrier to company alignment. Departments often work from different metrics, assumptions, and roadmaps.
This difficulty is compounded by a widespread lack of AI literacy. More than 65% said weak AI literacy inhibits scaling. Meanwhile, CIOs and CTOs report that only 12% of organizations have fully integrated AI operational standards.
In the FICO report, State Street’s Barbara Widholm notes, “Tech-led solutions lack strategic nuance, while AI-led initiatives can miss infrastructure constraints. Cross-functional alignment is critical.”
Chief AI officers are challenged to keep up with the rapid evolution of AI. Mastercard’s chief AI and data officer, Greg Ulrich, recently told Fortune that last year was “early innings,” focused on education and experimentation, but that the role is shifting from architect to operator: “We’ve moved from exploration to execution.”
Across the board, FICO found that about 75% of tech leaders surveyed believe stronger collaboration between business and IT leaders, together with a shared AI platform, could drive ROI gains of 50% or more. Zoldi highlighted the problem of fragmentation: “A bank in Australia I visited had 23 different AI platforms.”
When asked about innovation enablers, 83% of respondents rated cross-departmental collaboration as “very important” or “critical”—signaling that alignment is now foundational.
The report also stresses the importance of human-AI interaction: “Mature organizations will find the right marriage between the AI and the human,” Zoldi said. And that involves human understanding for where to ”best place AI in that loop,” he said.
Sheryl Estrada
sheryl.estrada@fortune.com
Leaderboard
Brian Robins was appointed CFO of Snowflake (NYSE: SNOW), an AI Data Cloud company, effective Sept. 22. Snowflake also announced that Mike Scarpelli is retiring as CFO. Scarpelli will stay a Snowflake employee for a transition period. Robins has served as CFO of GitLab Inc., a technology company, since October 2020. Before that, he was CFO of Sisense, Cylance, AlienVault, and Verisign.
Big Deal
August marked the S&P 500’s fourth consecutive month of gains, with E*TRADE clients net buyers in eight out of 11 sectors, Chris Larkin, managing director of trading and investing, said in a statement. “But some of that buying was contrarian and possibly defensive,” Larkin noted. “Clients rotated most into utilities, a defensive sector that was actually the S&P 500’s weakest performer last month. Another traditionally defensive sector, consumer staples, received the third-most net buying.” By contrast, clients were net sellers in three sectors—industrials, communication services, and financials—which have been among the S&P 500’s stronger performers so far this year.
“Given September’s history as the weakest month of the year for stocks, it’s possible that some investors booked profits from recent winners while increasing positions in defensive areas of their portfolios,” Larkin added.

Going deeper
“Warren Buffett’s $57 billion face-plant: Kraft Heinz breaks up a decade after his megamerger soured” is a Fortune report by Eva Roytburg.
From the report: “Kraft Heinz, the packaged-food giant created in 2015 by Warren Buffett and Brazilian private equity firm 3G Capital, is officially breaking up. The Tuesday announcement ends one of Buffett’s highest-profile bets—and one of his most painful—as the merger that once promised efficiency and dominance instead wiped out roughly $57 billion, or 60%, in market value. Shares slid 7% after the announcement, and Berkshire Hathaway still owns a 27.5% stake.” You can read the complete report here.
Overheard
“Effective change management is the linchpin of enterprise-wide AI implementation, yet it’s often underestimated. I learned this first-hand in my early days as CEO at Sanofi.”
—Paul Hudson, CEO of global healthcare company Sanofi since September 2019, writes in a Fortune opinion piece. Previously, Hudson was CEO of Novartis Pharmaceuticals from 2016 to 2019.
Ethics & Policy
Humans at Core: Navigating AI Ethics and Leadership

Hyderabad recently hosted a vital dialogue on ‘Human at Core: Conversations on AI, Ethics and Future,’ co-organized by IILM University and The Dr Pritam Singh Foundation at Tech Mahindra, Cyberabad. Gathering prominent figures from academia, government, and industry, the event delved into the ethical imperatives of AI and human-centric leadership in a tech-driven future.
The event commenced with Sri Gaddam Prasad Kumar advocating for technology as a servant to humanity, followed by a keynote from Sri Padmanabhaiah Kantipudi, who addressed the friction between rapid technological growth and ethical governance. Two pivotal panels explored the crossroads of AI’s progress versus principle and leadership’s critical role in AI development.
Key insights emerged around empathy and foresight in AI’s evolution, as leaders like Manoj Jha and Rajesh Dhuddu emphasized. Dr. Ravi Kumar Jain highlighted the collective responsibility to steer innovation wisely, aligning technological advancement with human values. The event reinforced the importance of cross-sector collaboration to ensure technology enhances equity and dignity globally.
Ethics & Policy
IILM University and The Dr Pritam Singh Foundation Host Round Table Conference on “Human at Core” Exploring AI, Ethics, and the Future

Hyderabad (Telangana) [India], September 4: IILM University, in collaboration with The Dr Pritam Singh Foundation, hosted a high-level round table discussion on the theme “Human at Core: Conversations on AI, Ethics and Future” at Tech Mahindra, Cyberabad, on 29th August 2025. The event brought together distinguished leaders from academia, government, and industry to engage in a timely and thought-provoking dialogue on the ethical imperatives of artificial intelligence and the crucial role of human-centric leadership in shaping a responsible technological future. The proceedings began with an opening address by Sri Gaddam Prasad Kumar, Speaker, Telangana Legislative Assembly, who emphasised the need to ensure that technology remains a tool in the service of humanity. This was followed by a keynote address delivered by Sri Padmanabhaiah Kantipudi, IAS (Retd.), Chairman of the Administrative Staff College of India (ASCI), who highlighted the growing tension between technological acceleration and ethical oversight.
The event featured two significant panel discussions, each addressing the complex intersections between technology, ethics, and leadership. The first panel, moderated by Mamata Vegunta, Executive Director and Head of HR at DBS Tech India, examined the question, “AI’s Crossroads: The Choice Between Progress and Principle.” The discussion reflected on the critical junctures at which leaders must make choices that balance innovation with responsibility. Panellists, including Deepak Gowda of the Union Learning Academy, Dr. Deepak Kumar of IDRBT, Srini Vudumula of Novelis Consulting, and Gaurav Maheshwari of Signode India Limited, shared their insights on the pressing need for robust ethical frameworks that evolve alongside AI.
The second panel, moderated by Vinay Agrawal, Global Head of Business HR at Tech Mahindra, focused on the theme “Human-Centred AI: Why Leadership Matters More Than Ever.” This session brought to light the growing expectation of leaders to act not just as enablers of technological progress, but as custodians of its impact. Panellists Manoj Jha from Makeen Energy, Dr Anadi Pande from Mahindra University, Rajesh Dhuddu of PwC, and Kiranmai Pendyala, investor and former UWH Chairperson, collectively underlined the importance of empathy, accountability, and foresight in guiding AI development.
Speaking at the event, Dr Ravi Kumar Jain, Director, School of Management – IILM University Gurugram, remarked, “We are at a defining moment in human history, where the question is not merely about how fast we can innovate, but how wisely we choose to do so. At IILM, we believe in nurturing leaders who are not only competent but also conscious of their responsibilities to society.” His sentiments were echoed by Prof Harivansh Chaturvedi, Director General at IILM Lodhi Road, who affirmed the university’s continued commitment to promoting responsible leadership through dialogue, collaboration, and critical inquiry. Across both panels, there was a shared recognition that ethical leadership must keep pace with the rapid transformations driven by AI, and that collaborative efforts across sectors will be essential to ensure that innovation serves the broader goals of equity, dignity, and humanity.
The discussions concluded with a renewed call to action for academic institutions, industry leaders, and policymakers to work together in shaping a future where technology empowers without eroding core human values. In doing so, the event reaffirmed the central message behind its theme that in an increasingly digital world, it is important now more than ever to keep it human at the core.
(Disclaimer: The above press release comes to you under an arrangement with PNN and PTI takes no editorial responsibility for the same.). PTI PWR
(This content is sourced from a syndicated feed and is published as received. The Tribune assumes no responsibility or liability for its accuracy, completeness, or content.)
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