Tools & Platforms
Nokia opens new Oulu campus to drive 5G and 6G technologies, AI networks for civilian and military applications
Nokia has opened a new research and manufacturing campus in Oulu, Finland, designed to develop next-generation networks built for artificial intelligence. The site, described as the “Home of Radio”, will cover the entire lifecycle of 5G and 6G radio innovation, ensuring secure networks are designed, tested and built in Europe.
The opening ceremony was attended by the President of the Republic of Finland, Alexander Stubb, alongside government officials, partners, customers and employees. The event included a panel discussion between President Stubb and Nokia President and CEO Justin Hotard on the role of technology in shaping Europe’s future.
“This investment is great news and it’s a statement that it pays off to invest in Finland. It also says that network infrastructure is key – when you’re working on 5G or 6G, you’re creating the neural network of whatever we do in artificial intelligence, whatever we do in robotization or Internet of Things,” said Alexander Stubb, President of the Republic of Finland.
Justin Hotard, President and CEO of Nokia, added: “Our teams in Oulu are shaping the future of 5G and 6G developing our most advanced radio networks. Oulu has a unique ecosystem that integrates Nokia’s R&D and smart manufacturing with an ecosystem of partners – including universities, start-ups and NATO’s DIANA test center. Oulu embodies our culture of innovation and the new campus will be essential to advancing connectivity necessary to power the AI supercycle.”
The campus will house around 3,000 experts and includes advanced radio laboratory and manufacturing facilities. It will initially focus on 5G projects including standardisation, system-on-chip design, radio hardware and software, as well as patents, with the Oulu factory targeting new production introduction for Nokia’s 5G radio and baseband products.
The facility incorporates one of the world’s largest CO2-based district heating and cooling plants, with surplus renewable energy used to heat 20,000 households in Oulu. The site, spanning 55,000 square metres, was constructed by YIT with architectural design by Arkkitehtitoimisto ALA.
OpenAI board chair Bret Taylor believes AI is in a bubble. Yet he insists this is not cause for alarm.
In a recent interview with The Verge, Taylor supported earlier remarks by OpenAI CEO Sam Altman, who warned that “someone is going to lose a phenomenal amount of money in AI.”
Taylor agreed with the statement. However, he also emphasized the long-term potential of the technology.
The Dot-Com Bubble
Taylor drew a direct line between today’s AI boom and the dot-com bubble of the late 1990s.
During that period, numerous internet startups rose quickly but collapsed once the bubble burst. But despite those failures, the internet itself reshaped the global economy.
According to Taylor, “all the people in 1999 were kind of right.” While many businesses failed, the vision of a connected digital age proved accurate.
He argued that AI may follow the same pattern. Several companies may not survive, yet the technology will endure and transform industries.
Also read: AI Bubble Burst: Is It Coming, and What Would It Mean?
Bubble
Taylor pointed to clear signs of a bubble in the AI sector: Capital inflows are immense; startups are attracting billions of dollars in funding.
Companies are valued far above their proven earnings, and the hype is intense; public attention is growing faster than practical results.
Taylor acknowledged these risks. Still, he described them as common features of periods of rapid innovation.
Historical Precedent
History supports his view.
- The dot-com bubble produced failures but also gave rise to Amazon and Google.
- The railroad boom in the 1800s caused investor losses, yet railroads became vital to commerce.
- The housing crisis in 2008 triggered financial reform and new oversight.
These examples suggest that bubbles can destroy capital but also lay the foundation for lasting change. Taylor argued that AI is on the same trajectory.
Long-term Implications
The bubble will affect markets more than daily life. Chatbots, design tools, and AI-driven assistants will continue to appear. But investors and startups will bear the greatest risk.
Over time, however, consumers may benefit most. Just as the internet brought online banking, e-commerce, and digital entertainment, AI may deliver personal health tools, adaptive tutors, and advanced workplace assistants.
Duality
Taylor’s perspective is measured. He accepts the risks but underscores the promise. AI may be overvalued in the short term.
At the same time, it may also become one of the most significant technologies of the century. This dual reality reflects his central point.
A bubble can exist without undermining the long-term value of the technology itself. For Taylor, the turbulence is temporary.
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