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Microsoft becomes second public company to reach $4tn valuation amid AI boom | Technology

Microsoft soared past $4tn in market valuation on Thursday, becoming the second publicly traded company after Nvidia to surpass the milestone after a blockbuster earnings report the night before.
Microsoft, headquartered in Redmond, Washington, first cracked the $1tn mark in April 2019.
Its move to $3tn was more measured than technology giants Nvidia and Apple, with the chipmaker tripling its value in just about a year and clinching the $4tn milestone before any other company on 9 July.
The technology behemoth reported booming sales in its Azure cloud computing business on Wednesday and forecast a record $30bn in capital spending for the first quarter of the current fiscal year to meet soaring AI demand.
“It is in the process of becoming more of a cloud infrastructure business and a leader in enterprise AI, doing so very profitably and cash generatively despite the heavy AI capital expenditures,” said Gerrit Smit, lead portfolio manager at Stonehage Fleming Global Best Ideas Equity Fund.
Lately, breakthroughs in trade talks between the US and its trading partners ahead of Donald Trump’s 1 August tariff deadline have buoyed stocks, propelling the S&P 500 and the Nasdaq exchanges to record highs.
Its capital expenditure forecast, its largest ever for a single quarter, has put it on track to potentially outspend its rivals over the next year.
Meta Platforms also doubled down on its AI ambitions in its earnings call Wednesday, forecasting third-quarter revenue that blew past Wall Street estimates as artificial intelligence supercharged its core advertising business. The social media giant upped the lower end of its annual capital spending by $2bn – just days after Alphabet made a similar move.
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Wall Street’s surging confidence in Microsoft comes on the heels of back-to-back record revenues for the tech giant since September 2022.
The stock’s rally had also received an extra boost as the tech giant trimmed its workforce, laying off thousands in recent months, and doubled down on AI investments determined to cement its lead as businesses race to harness the technology.
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Korea’s KIBO Unlocks US$130M AI Guarantee Program to Fuel Startup Growth and Global Competitiveness – KoreaTechDesk

South Korea is intensifying support for its artificial intelligence (AI) ecosystem with a major policy finance initiative. Korea Technology Finance Corporation (KIBO) has committed ₩180 billion (approx. US$130 million) in new AI guarantees focus program for 2025, marking a decisive step in bridging financing gaps for startups and strengthening Korea’s competitiveness in the Asia-Pacific deep-tech race.
KIBO Allocates ₩180B to AI Sector Under BoostUp Strategy
On September 11, KIBO announced that it will supply ₩180 billion (~US$130 million) in guarantees for AI-related companies in 2025, with ₩90 billion (~US$65 million) to be executed in the second half of the year.
The measure aligns with the government’s designation of six “growth engines” — AI, Bio, Contents & Culture, Defense, Energy, and Factory — that underpin Korea’s future competitiveness.
The initiative expands KIBO’s BoostUp Strategy, designed to channel targeted financial support into high-growth industries. AI has been singled out as a priority, and the new guarantee program is structured to address capital shortages that hinder early-stage and scaling firms.
Policy Background: Korea’s Six Growth Engines
The Korean government has identified six priority sectors to sustain economic momentum amid intensifying global competition:
- A: Artificial Intelligence (AI)
- B: Bio
- C: Contents & Culture
- D: Defense
- E: Energy
- F: Factory (manufacturing innovation)
KIBO’s AI-focused financing builds on this framework, aiming to strengthen startups developing or adopting frontier technologies. The program follows the May launch of an AI-specific guarantee product, part of efforts to reduce Korea’s gap in global competitiveness and support SMEs in accelerating AI adoption.
Stakeholder Perspective: KIBO’s Role in AI and Startup Growth
Kim Jong-ho, Chairman of KIBO, emphasized the alignment with national policy:
“KIBO is proactively supporting the government’s innovation-led growth strategy through dedicated AI financial products. We will continue to enhance Korea’s technology competitiveness and back the innovation growth of SMEs and startups as a dedicated policy finance institution.”
AI Guarantee Program and Benefits
The dedicated AI guarantee product, “AI·AX Competitiveness Enhancement Preferred Guarantee,” offers tailored incentives to firms developing or applying AI:
- Guarantee coverage increased to a maximum of 95%
- Fee reductions of up to 0.3 percentage points
- Expanded special calculation provisions for SMEs
In addition, the Semiconductor Industry Special Guarantee targets fabless and semiconductor equipment companies, supporting R&D and localization efforts. This program offers up to ₩20 billion per firm, with the same enhanced guarantee ratios and fee reductions.
To ease financing costs, KIBO is also expanding collaboration with commercial banks, while overseas branches will operate guarantees and investment-attraction programs to help firms expand internationally.
Why the AI Guarantee Program Matters for Korea’s Startup Ecosystem
Basically, the program delivers multiple signals for Korea’s startup ecosystem:
- Bridging capital gaps: By improving guarantee ratios and reducing fees, AI firms can access capital more flexibly, a persistent challenge in early-stage deep-tech.
- Public–private synergy: Integration with banks and global market access programs underscores Korea’s hybrid financing model.
- Global competitiveness: With AI investment accelerating in the U.S., China, and Europe, Korea’s initiative positions local startups to compete in frontier technologies and strengthens the pipeline for future unicorns.
The targeted support also extends Korea’s broader strategy to become a venture capital hub in Asia-Pacific, aligning with recent initiatives such as the government’s Fund-of-Funds commitments in AI and deep-tech.
Korea’s Forward-Looking Strategy for Global AI Competitiveness
In the end, KIBO’s ₩180 billion AI guarantee program reflects Korea’s determination to support startups at the intersection of finance and technology policy. By reducing barriers to capital and expanding tailored support, Korea aims to accelerate the growth of AI and semiconductor ventures that can anchor its next wave of global competitiveness.
Not only that but this move also shows global founders and investors that South Korea is reinforcing its role as a policy-driven innovation hub, where strategic finance mechanisms are tightly linked to national growth priorities and opportunities in frontier technology.
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FTC launches inquiry into AI chatbots acting as companions and their effects on children

(AP) – The Federal Trade Commission has launched an inquiry into several social media and artificial intelligence companies about the potential harms to children and teenagers who use their AI chatbots as companions.
EDITOR’S NOTE — This story includes discussion of suicide. If you or someone you know needs help, the national suicide and crisis lifeline in the U.S. is available by calling or texting 988.
The FTC said Thursday it has sent letters to Google parent Alphabet, Facebook and Instagram parent Meta Platforms, Snap, Character Technologies, ChatGPT maker OpenAI and xAI.
The FTC said it wants to understand what steps, if any, companies have taken to evaluate the safety of their chatbots when acting as companions, to limit the products’ use by and potential negative effects on children and teens, and to apprise users and parents of the risks associated with the chatbots.
The move comes as a growing number of kids use AI chatbots for everything — from homework help to personal advice, emotional support and everyday decision-making. That’s despite research on the harms of chatbots, which have been shown to give kids dangerous advice about topics such as drugs, alcohol and eating disorders. The mother of a teenage boy in Florida who killed himself after developing what she described as an emotionally and sexually abusive relationship with a chatbot has filed a wrongful death lawsuit against Character.AI. And the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine recently sued OpenAI and its CEO Sam Altman, alleging that ChatGPT coached the California boy in planning and taking his own life earlier this year.
Character.AI said it is looking forward to “collaborating with the FTC on this inquiry and providing insight on the consumer AI industry and the space’s rapidly evolving technology.”
“We have invested a tremendous amount of resources in Trust and Safety, especially for a startup. In the past year we’ve rolled out many substantive safety features, including an entirely new under-18 experience and a Parental Insights feature,” the company said. “We have prominent disclaimers in every chat to remind users that a Character is not a real person and that everything a Character says should be treated as fiction.”
Snap said its My AI chatbot is “transparent and clear about its capabilities and limitations.”
“We share the FTC’s focus on ensuring the thoughtful development of generative AI, and look forward to working with the Commission on AI policy that bolsters U.S. innovation while protecting our community,” the company said in a statement.
Meta declined to comment on the inquiry and Alphabet, OpenAI and X.AI did not immediately respond to messages for comment.
OpenAI and Meta earlier this month announced changes to how their chatbots respond to teenagers asking questions about suicide or showing signs of mental and emotional distress. OpenAI said it is rolling out new controls enabling parents to link their accounts to their teen’s account.
Parents can choose which features to disable and “receive notifications when the system detects their teen is in a moment of acute distress,” according to a company blog post that says the changes will go into effect this fall.
Regardless of a user’s age, the company says its chatbots will attempt to redirect the most distressing conversations to more capable AI models that can provide a better response.
Meta also said it is now blocking its chatbots from talking with teens about self-harm, suicide, disordered eating and inappropriate romantic conversations, and instead directs them to expert resources. Meta already offers parental controls on teen accounts.
Copyright 2025 The Associated Press. All rights reserved.
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