Business
Indian scientists search for the perfect apple
Technology Reporter
“My neighbours thought I’d lost my mind,” says farmer Kakasaheb Sawant.
In 2022 he had decided to plant some apple trees, not crazy for a farmer unless, like Mr Sawant, you live in subtropical southern India, where temperatures can hit 43C.
He bought 100 saplings, of which 80 survived. Last year each tree produced between 30 and 40 kilogrammes of fruit.
“My farm has become something of a local miracle. People travel from far-off places just to see the apple trees growing under the hot Maharashtra sun.”
It’s not been an unqualified success though. One problem is that the apples are not sweet enough to sell.
Mr Sawant remains enthusiastic. He’s had some success selling apple tree saplings and is optimistic about future harvests.
“This is the beginning. The trees are getting acclimatised so according to me in next four to five years these trees will start bearing good, sweet apples.”
In his own small way, Mr Sawant is hoping to meet India’s rising demand for apples.
Production has risen 15% over the last five years to 2.5 million tonnes.
But that is not keeping up with demand and India’s imports have roughly doubled to 600,000 tonnes over the same period, according to S Chandrashekhar, who analyses India’s apple trade.
“We do have a shortage of apple production,” he says. “There are not many new players… at the same time, and there is no new investment.”
Essential for a good apple crop is a lengthy period of winter temperature between 0C and 6C.
Countries like the UK, with around 1,000 hours of this chill-time, can produce almost any apple variety.
But in India areas with those conditions are more limited.
Most of India’s apples come from two regions in the north of the country -Jammu and Kashmir and neighbouring Himachal Pradesh.
Mr Chandrashekhar says that many farms in those regions are becoming less productive.
“There are lot of old orchards producing fewer apples – that means the yield is coming down,” he says.
He says that climate change is making conditions less favourable.
In the hope of expanding apple production into new areas, some scientists and farmers are experimenting with so-called low-chill varieties.
Those are apple trees that can produce crops with around 400 hours of temperatures between 0C and 6C.
Ranchi, eastern India is also not an apple growing region – its subtropical climate is too hot.
But researchers at the Birsa Agricultural University (BAU) are testing 18 saplings of three low-chill varieties.
Success has been limited so far – only one of the varieties has produced any fruit.
“The plants have not reached optimal sizes. The tree has given us only around one to two kilogrammes of apples in 2024. I would not say that they are of best quality, but they were edible,” says Dr Majid Ali.
He says that as well as an unfavourable climate, the local soil is not ideal for apple trees and the trees get attacked by termites.
“This is an experimental stage. To reach a conclusion it would take three to four years to say if it is successful.”
He says that some local farmers have also been experimenting with low-chill apple varieties, also with little success.
Some are sceptical that apples cultivated in hot areas will ever be a commercial proposition.
“The fruit that grows in non-traditional regions has a very short shelf life. The taste is not so sweet,” says Dr Dinesh Thakur, associate director of a regional horticulture research and training centre at Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry.
“These low-chill apples can be grown as novelty fruit in a kitchen garden, but their viability as a commercial crop is not proven… most of them are a failure,” he says.
Dr Thakur is based in the traditional northern apple growing region of Himachal Pradesh and his research focuses on the improvement of apples through breeding.
“Climatic change is creating havoc in apple cultivation,” he says.
He says the number of those crucial chilling hours are falling and due to erratic weather conditions farmers are facing colossal financial losses every year.
In search of better conditions, some orchards are being planted in higher locations, which were once considered too cold, he says.
Under a government sponsored project his team are experimenting with 300 varieties of apples, to assess the impact of climate change.
“We are also working on climate-resilient apple genotypes that can withstand the existing climate,” he says.
So far, they have developed an apple that matures with a ripe colour two months earlier than existing apple trees.
“This helps offset erratic weather patterns brought by climate change and has a quality advantage over those areas where colour formation is problem due to lack of sunlight,” Dr Thakur says.
“This is just the beginning of research to create climate resilient fruit and create a fruit that is acceptable to the Indian taste bud.”
For Mr Chandrashekhar, boosting India’s apple output will take more than just scientific work.
“Apple orchards in the traditional apple cultivation areas are 15 to 20 years old. What is needed is replanting of new saplings,” he says.
“The industry needs investment, huge investment. Who will do that?” he asks.
He would like to see the juice and jam business developed, to provide the industry with another source of income.
“That has to be a booster which can improve the apple economy and provide a better position for apple growers.”
Business
AI video becomes more convincing, rattling creative industry
AI (Artificial Intelligence) letters and robot miniature in this illustration. The creative industry is concerned over the rapid developments in AI-generated videos. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo
NEW YORK, United States – Gone are the days of six-fingered hands or distorted faces — AI-generated video is becoming increasingly convincing, attracting Hollywood, artists, and advertisers, while shaking the foundations of the creative industry.
To measure the progress of AI video, you need only look at Will Smith eating spaghetti.
Since 2023, this unlikely sequence — entirely fabricated — has become a technological benchmark for the industry.
READ: How investments in reskilling, building trust can help Philippine firms navigate AI era
Two years ago, the actor appeared blurry, his eyes too far apart, his forehead exaggeratedly protruding, his movements jerky, and the spaghetti didn’t even reach his mouth.
The version published a few weeks ago by a user of Google’s Veo 3 platform showed no apparent flaws whatsoever.
“Every week, sometimes every day, a different one comes out that’s even more stunning than the next,” said Elizabeth Strickler, a professor at Georgia State University.
Between Luma Labs’ Dream Machine launched in June 2024, OpenAI’s Sora in December, Runway AI’s Gen-4 in March 2025, and Veo 3 in May, the sector has crossed several milestones in just a few months.
Runway has signed deals with Lionsgate studio and AMC Networks television group.
Lionsgate vice president Michael Burns told New York Magazine about the possibility of using artificial intelligence to generate animated, family-friendly versions from films like the “John Wick” or “Hunger Games” franchises, rather than creating entirely new projects.
“Some use it for storyboarding or previsualization” — steps that come before filming — “others for visual effects or inserts,” said Jamie Umpherson, Runway’s creative director.
Burns gave the example of a script for which Lionsgate has to decide whether to shoot a scene or not.
To help make that decision, they can now create a 10-second clip “with 10,000 soldiers in a snowstorm.”
That kind of pre-visualization would have cost millions before.
In October, the first AI feature film was released — “Where the Robots Grow” — an animated film without anything resembling live action footage.
For Alejandro Matamala Ortiz, Runway’s co-founder, an AI-generated feature film is not the end goal, but a way of demonstrating to a production team that “this is possible.”
‘Resistance everywhere’
Still, some see an opportunity.
In March, startup Staircase Studio made waves by announcing plans to produce seven to eight films per year using AI for less than $500,000 each, while ensuring it would rely on unionized professionals wherever possible.
“The market is there,” said Andrew White, co-founder of small production house Indie Studios.
People “don’t want to talk about how it’s made,” White pointed out. “That’s inside baseball. People want to enjoy the movie because of the movie.”
But White himself refuses to adopt the technology, considering that using AI would compromise his creative process.
Jamie Umpherson argues that AI allows creators to stick closer to their artistic vision than ever before, since it enables unlimited revisions, unlike the traditional system constrained by costs.
“I see resistance everywhere” to this movement, observed Georgia State’s Strickler.
This is particularly true among her students, who are concerned about AI’s massive energy and water consumption as well as the use of original works to train models, not to mention the social impact.
But refusing to accept the shift is “kind of like having a business without having the internet,” she said. “You can try for a little while.”
In 2023, the American actors’ union SAG-AFTRA secured concessions on the use of their image through AI.
Strickler sees AI diminishing Hollywood’s role as the arbiter of creation and taste, instead allowing more artists and creators to reach a significant audience.
Runway’s founders, who are as much trained artists as they are computer scientists, have gained an edge over their AI video rivals in film, television, and advertising.
But they’re already looking further ahead, considering expansion into augmented reality and virtual reality — for example creating a metaverse where films could be shot.
“The most exciting applications aren’t necessarily the ones that we have in mind,” said Umpherson. “The ultimate goal is to see what artists do with technology.”
Business
Three ways you can make AI generate business leads for you
For quite a while now, people within the business community have been talking about how AI continues to improve task efficiency and streamline operations, but few are truly exploring how this new era is affecting new business lead generation.
Since opening Agent99’s doors 18 years ago, part of my new business strategy has simply been to ask people how they found us. The majority of our leads come through referrals, followed by Google. However, just last week, I was on two new business calls and when I asked both prospects how they came across Agent99, they gave the same surprising response: “by asking ChatGPT”.
Where consumers and clients once relied on Google for recommendations, be it agencies, restaurants, dry cleaners, or anything in between, that’s no longer the default.
Today, people are entering these same queries into AI tools and expecting real-time, curated answers based on a mix of web data, reviews, and sentiment. And this shift has caught many business owners off guard. A high Google ranking no longer guarantees your business will be visible or recommended through AI platforms. All that work on your SEO strategy? It’s no longer the only game in town.
This was a light bulb moment for me as a business owner. If you’re not thinking about how you rank on AI platforms and prioritising this, you’re losing new business opportunities.
When I took a deeper look at why we were ranking so well on ChatGPT, and how this new kind of ‘search engine’ prioritises content, I realised (after some thorough research) that it’s because we’ve consistently focussed on our own PR (ie third party credible endorsement), winning awards, garnering reviews from our clients, and reporting on our marketing campaigns on our own website blog and social pages. This is what AI platforms prioritise when making recommendations.
So, if you’ve noticed a dip in leads lately or you simply want to boost your company’s visibility in the AI space, here are three strategies I strongly recommend.
Make your SEO plan AI-friendly
It’s no longer enough to optimise your company website for Google alone. Instead of short, Boolean-style search queries, people are now asking long-form, conversational questions. And in response, tools like ChatGPT are generating concise, curated answers drawn from a wide range of sources — with a clear preference for natural, human-sounding language.
It might seem ironic that AI prefers human content, but it’s the new reality.
To match this, we recommend rewriting key pages on your website, starting with your ‘About’, ‘Services’ and ‘Home’ pages, using language that mirrors how real people would ask for your services in everyday conversation.
For example, instead of writing: “We deliver integrated management solutions,” try: “We help Australian businesses develop management strategies that support sustainable growth”.
If relevant, start a blog that directly answers the kinds of questions people might be asking ChatGPT, and think carefully about how they’re asking them. Once you’ve mapped out your content strategy, commit to publishing consistently. AI platforms favour businesses that post regularly and demonstrate long-term authority in their field.
Prioritise earned media and content
AI tools place more weight on what others say about your business than what you say about yourself. So, while your website content is important, the next priority is securing earned media coverage. This includes article mentions in credible publications and thought leadership content in niche outlets relevant to your industry.
While the media landscape has evolved, organic coverage on high-authority platforms still carries serious influence. That includes local business media, trade publications, and long-form podcasts — especially those with strong digital footprints. A single mention in a well-respected outlet often holds more weight than a dozen paid ads in the eyes of AI.
You should also be submitting your business for awards, rankings, and “Best of” lists. Third-party recognition like “Top PR Agencies in Australia” or “Best Accountants in Melbourne” dramatically increases your chances of being recommended by AI tools for those search terms.
Lastly, make sure you’re actively collecting client testimonials and online reviews. Reach out to past and current clients and ask for a testimonial you can publish. Genuine, positive sentiment from others boosts your ranking and trust level within AI results.
Show up where conversations are happening
A lesser-known — but highly effective — way to improve your AI visibility is by showing up where your audience is already talking. Think Reddit, Quora, LinkedIn comments, Facebook groups, and even the comment sections of popular blogs or YouTube videos. AI tools are constantly crawling and learning from these conversations, and businesses that participate meaningfully often see a lift in visibility.
Start by choosing two or three platforms where your target audience is most active. If you’re B2B, this might be LinkedIn or industry forums. If you’re more consumer-facing, Reddit, TikTok, or Facebook might be the place. Jump in, answer questions, share your perspective, and most importantly, offer value.
When your brand is mentioned organically or involved in high-engagement threads, it sends strong signals to AI tools. Over time, this can help position your business as a credible authority in your space.
Also, respond to users who tag or mention your brand on social platforms. Engaging with user-generated content builds trust, encourages loyalty, and creates digital breadcrumbs that prove your relevance and responsiveness — two factors that AI prioritises more than ever.
AI isn’t just a trend; it’s a fundamental shift in how consumers discover and choose businesses.
Rather than fearing this new giant in the room, lean in. By understanding how AI platforms work and proactively shaping your digital footprint, you’ll improve your ability to attract quality leads, earn recommendations, and strengthen your brand presence in what’s becoming an increasingly competitive and complex market.
Business
Maternity brand Seraphine worn by Kate enters administration
The maternity fashion retailer Seraphine, whose clothes were worn by the Princess of Wales during her three pregnancies, has ceased trading and entered administration.
Consultancy firm Interpath confirmed to the BBC on Monday that it had been appointed as administrators by the company and that the “majority” of its 95 staff had been made redundant.
It said the brand had experienced “trading challenges” in recent times with sales being hit by “fragile consumer confidence”.
The fashion retailer was founded in 2002, but perhaps hit its peak when Catherine wore its maternity clothes on several occasions, leading to items quickly selling out.
Prior to the confirmation that administrators had been appointed, which was first reported by the Financial Times, Seraphine’s website was offering discounts on items as big as 60%. Its site now appears to be inaccessible to shoppers.
The main job of administration is to save the company, and administrators will try to rescue it by selling it, or parts of it. If that is not possible it will be closed down and all its saleable assets sold.
Will Wright, UK chief executive of Interpath, said economic challenges such as “rising costs and brittle consumer confidence” had proved “too challenging to overcome” for Seraphine.
Interpath said options are now being explored for the business and its assets, including the Seraphine brand.
The retailer’s flagship store was in Kensington High Street, London, but other well-known shops, such as John Lewis and Next, also stocked its goods.
The rise in popularity of Seraphine, driven in part by Royalty wearing its clothes, led to the company listing on the London Stock Exchange in 2021, before being taking back into private ownership in 2023.
Interpath said in April this year, the company “relaunched its brand identity, with a renewed focus on form, function and fit”.
“However, with pressure on cashflow continuing to mount, the directors of the business sought to undertake an accelerated review of their investment options, including exploring options for sale and refinance,” a statement said.
“Sadly, with no solvent options available, the directors then took the difficult decision to file for the appointment of administrators.”
Staff made redundant as a result of the company’s downfall are to be supported making claims to the redundancy payments service, Interpath added.
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