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From Existential Threat To Hope. A Philosopher’s Guide To AI

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The dark side of AI continues to reveal new faces. A few weeks ago, Geoffrey Hinton, Nobel laureate and former AI chief in Google, highlighted two ways in which AI poses an existential threat to humanity: By people misusing AI, and by AI becoming smarter than us. And this week OpenAI admitted that they don’t know how to prevent ChatGPT from pushing people towards mania, psychosis and death.

At the same time, AI optimists keep stressing that it is only a matter of years before AI will solve scientific, environmental, health and social problems that humanity has been struggling with for ages. And when The United Nations kicks off its global summit on AI for Good next week, it’s to gather AI experts from across the world to “identify innovative AI applications to solve global challenges.”

But what if the discussion of AI’s risks and opportunities, dark and bright sides and bad and good ways to use technology is part of the existential threat we are facing?

Why AI For Good May Be A Bad Idea

When German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche urged us to think Beyond Good and Evil (book from 1885), he suggested that it is not what we identify, define, and decide to be ‘good’ that determines whether we succeed as humans. It is whether we manage to rise above our unquestioned ideas of what good looks like.

Labeling some AI products as human-centric or responsible might sound like a step in the right direction towards identifying and designing innovative AI applications to solve global challenges. But it also reinforces the idea that our future depends on how AI is designed, built and regulated rather on how we live, learn and relate to technology.

And by focusing on AI when thinking and talking about our future rather than focusing on ourselves and how we exist and evolve as humans, we are not rising above our unquestioned ideas of what good looks like. Rather, we submit to the idea that permeates all technology, that good equals innovative, fast, and efficient.

To rise above our unquestioned ideas about the nature and impact of AI, we need to follow Nietzsche’s lead. So, here it is: A Philosopher’s Guide to AI.

1. Stop Thinking Of AI As A Tool

The first step towards shifting the focus from the development of AI to our evolution as humans is to question the widespread and constantly repeated idea that AI, like any other technology, is just a tool that can be used for good as well as evil. Inspired by Nietzsche and others who set the tradition of existential philosophy in motion, German philosopher Martin Heidegger put it like this:

”Everywhere we remain unfree and chained to technology, whether we passionately affirm or deny it. But we are delivered over to it in the worst possible way when we regard is as something neutral; for this conception of it, to which today we particularly like to pay homage, makes us utterly blind to the essence of technology.”

In The Question Concerning Technology from 1954, Heidegger argued that the essence of technology is to give man the illusion of being in control. When we think of technology as a tool that can be used for good as well as evil, we also think that we are in control of why, when, and for what it is used. But according to Heidegger this is only partly the case. We may make a decision to buy a car to drive ourselves to work. And thus we may think of the car as a means to achieve our goal of getting to work as fast as possible. But we never made the decision that fast is better than slow. It’s an idea that comes with the car. So is the idea that it should be easy and convenient for us to get to work. And that fast, easy and convenient is more important than anything else.

Like all other technologies, the car comes with a promise that we can achieve more by doing less. And like all other technologies, it makes us think that this is what life is and should be about. But to rise above our unquestioned ideas, we must not only ask the questions we are encouraged to ask when faced with a new technology – like ‘how does it work?’, ‘when can I use it?’, and ‘how much easier will it be to do X?’ We must also ask the questions that the essence of technology discourages us from asking – like ‘do I even need technology for this?’, ‘what does this technology prevent me from doing?’, and ‘what will my life be like if I trust technology to make everything easy?’

2. Take The History Of Technology Seriously

Heidegger made it clear that although different generations of technology have different ways of influencing human beings and behaviors, our fundamental purpose for using technology remains the same: to deal with the fact that we are limited creatures, thrown into this world without knowing why and for how long.

Put differently, the question concerning technology is and always was existential. It’s about who we are and what we become when we try to overcome our limitations. Ever since our early ancestors began using rocks and branches as tools and weapons, our relationship with technology has been at the heart of how we live, learn and evolve as humans. And more than anything else, it has shaped our understanding of ourselves and our relationship with our surroundings.

Living in the early days of the digital revolution, Heidegger didn’t know that AI would have the impact it has today. Nor did he know that AI experts would talk about their inventions as posing an existential threat to humanity. But he distinguished between different generations of technology. And he suggested that humanity was moving toward a technological era of great existential significance.

Having used pre-modern tools to survive and modern technology to thrive, the idea that digital technology can help transcend the limitations set by nature doesn’t seem far-fetched (see illustration). However, by not realizing that our relationship with technology is existential, AI experts seem to have missed that AI was never just a tool to make us more productive, or to help us do ‘good’. It was always also an expression of who we are and what we are becoming. And by building technology that distances itself from the limitations of nature, we also began to distance ourselves from our human nature.

According to Heidegger, this distancing has been going on for centuries without any of us noticing it. The widespread debate about AI as an existential threat is a sign that this is changing. And that AI may be the starting point for us humans to finally develop a more reflective and healthy relationship with technology.

3. Make Existential Hope A Joint Venture

Heidegger concludes The Question Concerning Technology by writing:

“The closer we come to the danger, the brighter the ways into the saving power begin to shine and the more questioning we become. For questioning is the piety of thought.”

While AI experts are calling for regulation, for AI development to be paused, and even for new philosophers to help them deal with the threat they see AI posing, hope shines from a completely different place than tech companies and regulators.

‘Where?’ you may ask. And that’s just it. We are asking more existential questions about who we are, why we are here, and where we want to go as humanity than ever before. And with ‘we’, I don’t mean philosophers, tech experts, and decision makers. I mean all of us in all sorts of contexts in all parts of the world.

There is something about AI that, unlike previous generations of technology, makes us ask the questions that the essence of technology has previously discouraged us from asking. Unlike modern technologies like cars and digital technologies like computers, we actually have a widespread debate about what AI is preventing us from doing and what our lives will be like if we trust AI to make everything easy.

And this instills hope. Existential hope that we still know and are willing to do what it takes to stay human. Even when it doesn’t equal innovative, fast, and efficient.

Senior journalist with BBC Global News, Richard Fisher defines existential hope as “the opposite of existential catastrophe: It’s the idea that there could be radical turns for the better, so long as we commit to bringing them to reality. Existential hope is not about escapism, utopias or pipe dreams, but about preparing the ground: making sure that opportunities for a better world don’t pass us by.” With A Philosopher’s Guide to AI, the questions we ask about AI offers a once in many lifetimes opportunity for a better world. Let’s make sure it doesn’t pass us by!



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Ethosphere raises $2.5M to support retail associates with AI insights

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Seattle-based startup Ethosphere, a voice-enabled artificial intelligence platform for retail operations, said today it raised $2.5 million in pre-seed funding to bring the power of large language models to brick and mortar store floors to help sales associates deliver exceptional in-person service.

Point72 Ventures led the round, with participation from AI2 Incubator, Carya Ventures, Pack VC, Hike Ventures and J4 Ventures.

Founded in 2024, the company has built a platform that helps retailers that use data from front-line interactions with customers to generate coaching insights for associates. It comes in the form of guidance through the use of large language models and voice AI.

“AI is bringing change to every industry, and retail is no exception, but there is a significant gap in how the technology can be applied in a useful, human-focused manner,” said Evan Smith, cofounder and chief executive of Ethosphere.

Smith stated that the company takes a human-centric approach to improve the purchasing experience for customers, as this positively affects retailers’ bottom lines. When customers have a more enjoyable experience in-store due to effective salespeople, they are more likely to return or spend more at that establishment.

The same is true for employee morale. Service workers can often feel unseen by management for their accomplishments and hard work. Much of the modern retail landscape has become driven by outcomes that can be tracked and put in a ledger rather than the day-to-day experiences and context of work on the sales floor. This can become a black spiral for frontline workers who are guided to chase results instead of feeling empowered to engage with customers.

The company’s platform uses wearable microphones to record interactions between customers and associates. These recordings are processed using a set of large language models that transcribe the audio to gain insights into how salespeople are learning and developing their customer-facing skills on the job. The platform then offers specific, individualized feedback and coaching to help them improve their performance on the sales floor.

The platform’s guidance consists of praise, data insights and suggestions for improvement.

Ethosphere said the messaging provided can be tailored to the specific brand voice of the business, including adhering to jargon and company culture.

Management has access to a dashboard that allows them to see both the areas where their team excels and the challenges they need to address. The platform also provides recommendations on next steps to help managers determine the best way to support associates in their work. This includes assisting them by reducing bias in how they view their team, celebrating high-performers and addressing team building.

“In an increasingly busy landscape flooded with theoretical AI, Ethosphere stood out to us with a practical, powerful application that we believe has the potential to directly impact the sales and customer experience,” said Sri Chandrasekar, managing partner at Point72 Ventures.

The company said it would use the funds to scale up program pilots with major retailers to assist them with enhancing support for frontline employees.

Image: Pixabay

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High Schoolers, Industry Partners, and Howard Students Open the Door to Tech at the Robotics and AI Outreach Event

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Last week in Blackburn Center, Howard University welcomed middle school, high school, and college students to explore the rapidly expanding world of robotics over the course of its second Robotics and AI Outreach Event. Teams of high school students showcased robots they built, while representatives from partnering Amazon Fulfillment Technologies, FIRST Robotics, the U.S. Navy and U.S. Army Research Laboratories, and Viriginia Tech gave presentations on their latest technologies, as well as ways to get involved in high-tech research. 

Across Thursday and Friday, Howard students and middle and high schoolers from across the DMV region heard from university researchers creating stories with generative AI and learned how they can get involved in STEM outreach from the Howard University Robotics Organization (HURO) and FIRST Robotics. They also viewed demonstrations of military unmanned ground vehicles and the Amazon Astro household robot. The biggest draw, however, was the robotics showcase in the East Ballroom. 

Amazon Program Manager Gerald Harris demos the Astro to students.

Over both days, middle and high school teams from across the DMV presented their robots as part of the FIRST Tech Challenge (FTC) and FIRST Robotics Competition, during which they were tasked with designing a robot within  six weeks. The program is intensive and gives students a taste of a real-world engineering career, as the students not only design and build their entries, but also engage in outreach events and raise their own funding each year.

“It’s incredible,” said Shelley Stoddard, vice president of FIRST Chesapeake. “I liken our teams to entrepreneurial startups. Each year they need to think about who they’re recruiting, how they’re recruiting; what they’re going to do for fundraising. If they want to have a brand, they create that, they manage that. We are highly encouraging of outreach because we don’t want it to be insular to just their schools or their classrooms.” 

Reaching the Next Generation of Engineers

This entrepreneurial spirit carries across the teams, such as the Ashburn, Virginia-based BeaverBots, who showed up in matching professional attire to stand out to potential recruits and investors as they presented three separate robots they’ve designed over the years — the Stubby V2, Dam Driver V1, and DemoBot — all built for lifting objects. Beyond already being skilled engineers and coders in their own right, the team has a heavy focus on getting younger children into robotics, even organizing their own events.

One of three robots designed by the BeaverBots team.

“One of the biggest things about our outreach is showing up to scrimmages and showing people we actually care about robotics and want to help kids join robotics,” said team member and high school junior Savni (last name withheld). “So, for example we’ve started a team in California, we’ve mentored [in] First Lego League, and we’ve hosted multiple scrimmages with FTC teams.”

“We also did a presentation in our local Troop 58 in Ashburn, where we showed our robot and told kids how they can get involved with FIRST,” added team vice-captain Aryan. “Along with that, a major part of our fundraising is sponsorship and matching grants.  We’ve received matching grants from CVS, FabWorks, and ICF.”

This desire to pay it forward and get more people involved in engineering wasn’t limited to the teams. Members of the student-run HURO were also present, putting on a drone demo and giving lectures advocating for more young Black intellectuals to get into science and engineering. 

“Right now, we’re doing a demo of one of our drones from the drone academy,” explained senior electrical engineering major David Toler II. “It’s a program we’ve put on since 2024 as a way to enrich the community around us and educate the Black community in STEM. We not only provide free drones to high schools, but we also work hands-on with them in very one-on-one mentor styles to give them knowledge to build on themselves and understand exactly how it works, why it works, and what components are necessary.” 

Building A Strong Support Network

HURO has been involved with the event from the beginning. Event organizer and Howard professor Harry Keeling, Ph.D., credits the drone program for helping the university’s AI and robotics outreach take flight. 

“It started with the drone academy, then that expanded through Dr. Todd Shurn’s work through the Sloan Foundation in the area of gaming,” explained Keeling. “Then gaming brought us to AI, and we got more money from Amazon and finally said ‘we need to do more outreach.’” 

Since 2024, Keeling has been working to bring more young people into engineering and AI research, relying on HURO, other local universities and high schools, industry partners like Amazon, and the Department of Defense, to build a strong network dedicated to local STEM outreach. Like with FIRST Robotics, a large part of his motivation with these growing partnerships is to prepare students for successful  jobs in the industry.

“We tell our students that in this field, networking is how you accomplish career growth,” he said. “None of us knows everything about what we do, but we can have a network where we can reach out to people who know more than we do. And the stronger our network is, the more we are able to solve problems in our own personal and professional lives.” 

At next year’s event, Keeling plans to step back and allow HURO to take over  more of the organizing and outreach, further bringing the next generation into leadership positions within the field. Meanwhile, he is working with other faculty members across the university to bring AI to the curriculum, further demystifying the technology and ensuring Howard students are prepared for the future. 

For Keeling, outreach events like this are vital to ensuring that young people feel confident in entering robotics, rather than intimidated. 

“One thing I realized is young people gravitate to what they see,” he said. “If they can’t see it, they can’t conceive it. These high schoolers[and] middle schoolers are getting a chance to rub elbows with a lot of professionals [and] understand what a roboticist ultimately might be doing in life.” 

He hopes that his work eventually makes children see a future in tech as just as possible as any other field they see on TV. 

“I was talking with my daughters, and I asked them at dinner ‘what do you want to be when you grow up?’” Keeling said. “And my youngest one said astronauts, and an artist, and a cook. Now hopefully one day, one of those 275 students that were listening to my presentation will answer the question with ‘I want to be an AI expert. I want to be a roboticist.’ Because they’ve come here, they’ve seen and heard what they can do.”





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Researchers warn AI is eroding human skills – and businesses may not be ready – TechRadar

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Researchers warn AI is eroding human skills – and businesses may not be ready  TechRadar



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