Ethics & Policy
Featured news and headlines | KU News

LAWRENCE — Can artificial intelligence truly exhibit morality?
Currently, the field of AI ethics is debating whether these machines should be treated as moral agents capable of making ethical decisions.
“We are now asking, ‘If these systems can act like human beings who are moral agents, then maybe these systems are moral agents,’” said Oluwaseun Damilola Sanwoolu, a doctoral candidate in philosophy and a graduate research assistant at the Center for Cyber-Social Dynamics (CCSD) at the University of Kansas.
“I think that logic is so far stretched because there are certain things tied to us as human beings that AI systems don’t have. Like they can act like one, they can imitate one, but that doesn’t necessarily make them moral agents.”
Such questions are addressed in her new paper titled “Kantian deontology for AI: alignment without moral agency.” Although AI does not currently have practical judgment, Sanwoolu shows it has a functionally equivalent mechanism — transformer models — which can allow it to form maxims that consider morally salient facts. Thus, this supports the claim that AI alignment is possible within a Kantian framework.
The research appears in the journal AI and Ethics.
Kantian deontology, developed by German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), is an ethical theory focusing on moral duties and principles, rather than the consequences of actions, to determine right or wrong. It emphasizes the use of reason to identify universal moral laws.
“Initially, I was never a Kantian scholar. I didn’t even really like the guy. But as I started thinking about how we can ethically shape technology, which is one of our research goals at CCSD, I found myself reading more Kant. That got me thinking: If Kant’s principles were plausible for humans, then maybe they can work for AI systems, too.”
Sanwoolu addresses two major objections to applying Kant’s moral philosophy to AI. The first objection is AI cannot fulfill Kant’s standards for moral agency. The second is that Kant’s theory doesn’t account for context when the principles of his theory are applied.
“In terms of the first objection, I concede AI systems are nonmoral agents. But is this still possible for us to have them behave in ways that would mimic a human agent using the Kantian system without they themselves being moral agents?’ I think that’s doable,” she said.
For comparison, she notes that when teaching the value of honesty to children, adults don’t necessarily tell them, “This is the moral code we live by.” We simply model behaviors of honesty to them. Even though they are not yet fully formed moral agents, they can see what people do and imitate that.
“AI systems can behave in the same way,” she said. “They don’t have to be moral agents themselves.”
Secondly, Kant’s theory is very rigorous and doesn’t take context into account.
“Kant would say something like, ‘Do not break a promise.’ And people push back on that because what if you made the promise under duress? But some Kantian scholars argue that Kant wasn’t blind to context, and they point to practical judgment to account for it. Interestingly, transformer models in AI already play a similar functional role: They are designed to be sensitive to context. So, even if AI systems aren’t moral agents, they might still approximate the kind of context-sensitive reasoning we see in human moral deliberation,” she said.
Ultimately, she supposes AI can behave like someone who wants to achieve morality or someone who wants to carry out a morally correct action.
“People want to ensure AI does no harm. What does that mean?” she said. “Is an AI system going to be harmful or helpful if it assists a person in committing suicide? That’s where ethical systems and ethical frameworks come in play, because then it’s not just telling you, ‘Do this.’ It’s telling you, ‘Do this because.’”
A native of Nigeria, Sanwoolu is now in her fourth year at KU. Her research focuses on the ethics of AI and the philosophy of technology, and it is supervised by John Symons, KU professor of philosophy and director of the Center for Cyber-Social dynamics.
“Ethics gives context to the things we want AI systems to do,” she said. “Maybe we don’t have consensus on what the one correct ethical theory is, but I think this framework can actually work for AI alignment.”
Ethics & Policy
7 Life-Changing Books Recommended by Catriona Wallace | Books

7 Life-Changing Books Recommended by Catriona Wallace (Picture Credit – Instagram)
Some books ignite something immediate. Others change you quietly, over time. For Dr Catriona Wallace—tech entrepreneur, AI ethics advocate, and one of Australia’s most influential business leaders, books are more than just ideas on paper. They are frameworks, provocations, and spiritual companions. Her reading list offers not just guidance for navigating leadership and technology, but for embracing identity, power, and inner purpose. These seven titles reflect a mind shaped by disruption, ethics, feminism, and wisdom. They are not trend-driven. They are transformational.
1. Lean In by Sheryl Sandberg
A landmark in feminist career literature, Lean In challenges women to pursue their ambitions while confronting the structural and cultural forces that hold them back. Sandberg uses her own journey at Facebook and Google to dissect gender inequality in leadership. The book is part memoir, part manifesto, and remains divisive for valid reasons. But Wallace cites it as essential for starting difficult conversations about workplace dynamics and ambition. It asks, simply: what would you do if you weren’t afraid?

2. Women and Power: A Manifesto by Mary Beard
In this sharp, incisive book, classicist Mary Beard examines the historical exclusion of women from power and public voice. From Medusa to misogynistic memes, Beard exposes how narratives built around silence and suppression persist today. The writing is fiery, brief, and packed with centuries of insight. Wallace recommends it for its ability to distil complex ideas into cultural clarity. It’s a reminder that power is not just a seat at the table; it is a script we are still rewriting.
3. The World of Numbers by Adam Spencer
A celebration of mathematics as storytelling, this book blends fun facts, puzzles, and history to reveal how numbers shape everything from music to human behaviour. Spencer, a comedian and maths lover, makes the subject inviting rather than intimidating. Wallace credits this book with sparking new curiosity about logic, data, and systems thinking. It’s not just for mathematicians. It’s for anyone ready to appreciate the beauty of patterns and the thinking habits that come with them.
4. Small Giants by Bo Burlingham
This book is a love letter to companies that chose to be great instead of big. Burlingham profiles fourteen businesses that opted for soul, purpose, and community over rapid growth. For Wallace, who has founded multiple mission-driven companies, this book affirms that success is not about scale. It is about integrity. Each story is a blueprint for building something meaningful, resilient, and values-aligned. It is a must-read for anyone tired of hustle culture and hungry for depth.
5. The Misogynist Factory by Alison Phipps
A searing academic work on the production of misogyny in modern institutions. Phipps connects the dots between sexual violence, neoliberalism, and resistance movements in a way that is as rigorous as it is radical. Wallace recommends this book for its clear-eyed confrontation of how systemic inequality persists beneath performative gestures. It equips readers with language to understand how power moves, morphs, and resists change. This is not light reading. It is a necessary reading for anyone seeking to challenge structural harm.
6. Tribes by Seth Godin
Godin’s central idea is simple but powerful: people don’t follow brands, they follow leaders who connect with them emotionally and intellectually. This book blends marketing, leadership, and human psychology to show how movements begin. Wallace highlights ‘Tribes’ as essential reading for purpose-driven founders and changemakers. It reminds readers that real influence is built on trust and shared values. Whether you’re leading a company or a cause, it’s a call to speak boldly and build your own tribe.
7. The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying by Sogyal Rinpoche
Equal parts spiritual guide and philosophical reflection, this book weaves Tibetan Buddhist teachings with Western perspectives on mortality, grief, and rebirth. Wallace turns to it not only for personal growth but also for grounding ethical decision-making in a deeper sense of purpose. It’s a book that speaks to those navigating endings—personal, spiritual, or professional and offers a path toward clarity and compassion. It does not offer answers. It offers presence, which is often far more powerful.

The books that shape us are often those that disrupt us first. Catriona Wallace’s list is not filled with comfort reads. It’s made of hard questions, structural truths, and radical shifts in thinking. From feminist manifestos to Buddhist reflections, from purpose-led business to systemic critique, this bookshelf is a mirror of her own leadership—decisive, curious, and grounded in values. If you’re building something bold or seeking language for change, there’s a good chance one of these books will meet you where you are and carry you further than you expected.
Ethics & Policy
Hyderabad: Dr. Pritam Singh Foundation hosts AI and ethics round table at Tech Mahindra

The Dr. Pritam Singh Foundation and IILM University hosted a Round Table on “Human at Core: AI, Ethics, and the Future” in Hyderabad. Leaders and academics discussed leveraging AI for inclusive growth while maintaining ethics, inclusivity, and human-centric technology.
Published Date – 30 August 2025, 12:57 PM
Hyderabad: The Dr. Pritam Singh Foundation, in collaboration with IILM University, hosted a high-level Round Table Discussion on “Human at Core: AI, Ethics, and the Future” at Tech Mahindra, Cyberabad.
The event, held in memory of the late Dr. Pritam Singh, pioneering academic, visionary leader, and architect of transformative management education in India, brought together policymakers, business leaders, and academics to explore how India can harness artificial intelligence (AI) while safeguarding ethics, inclusivity, and human values.
In his keynote address, Padmanabhaiah Kantipudi, IAS (Retd.), Chairman of the Administrative Staff College of India (ASCI),
paid tribute to Dr. Pritam Singh, describing him as a nation-builder who bridged academia, business, and governance.
The Round Table theme, Leadership: AI, Ethics, and the Future, underscored India’s opportunity to leverage AI for inclusive growth across healthcare, agriculture, education, and fintech—while ensuring technology remains human-centric and trustworthy.
Ethics & Policy
AI ethics: Bridging the gap between public concern and global pursuit – Pennsylvania

(The Center Square) – Those who grew up in the 20th and 21st centuries have spent their lives in an environment saturated with cautionary tales about technology and human error, projections of ancient flood myths onto modern scenarios in which the hubris of our species brings our downfall.
They feature a point of no return, dubbed the “singularity” by Manhattan Project physicist John von Neumann, who suggested that technology would advance to a stage after which life as we know it would become unrecognizable.
Some say with the advent of artificial intelligence, that moment has come. And with it, a massive gap between public perception and the goals of both government and private industry. While states court data center development and tech investments, polling from Pew Research indicates Americans outside the industry have strong misgivings about AI.
In Pennsylvania, giants like Amazon and Microsoft have pledged to spend billions building the high-powered infrastructure required to enable the technology. Fostering this progress is a rare point of agreement between the state’s Democratic and Republican leadership, even bringing Gov. Josh Shapiro to the same event – if not the same stage – as President Donald Trump.
Pittsburgh is rebranding itself as the “global capital of physical AI,” leveraging its blue-collar manufacturing reputation and its prestigious academic research institutions to depict the perfect marriage of code and machine. Three Mile Island is rebranding itself as Crane Clean Energy Center, coming back online exclusively to power Microsoft AI services. Some legislators are eager to turn the lights back on fossil fuel-burning plants and even build new ones to generate the energy required to feed both AI and the everyday consumers already on the grid.
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At the federal level, Trump has revoked guardrails established under the Biden administration with an executive order entitled “Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence.” In July, the White House released its “AI Action Plan.”
The document reads, “We need to build and maintain vast AI infrastructure and the energy to power it. To do that, we will continue to reject radical climate dogma and bureaucratic red tape, as the Administration has done since Inauguration Day. Simply put, we need to ‘Build, Baby, Build!’”
To borrow an analogy from Shapiro’s favorite sport, it’s a full-court press, and there’s hardly a day that goes by that messaging from the state doesn’t tout the thrilling promise of the new AI era. Next week, Shapiro will be returning to Pittsburgh along with a wide array of luminaries to attend the AI Horizons summit in Bakery Square, a hub for established and developing tech companies.
According to leaders like Trump and Shapiro, the stakes could not be higher. It isn’t just a race for technological prowess — it’s an existential fight against China for control of the future itself. AI sits at the heart of innovation in fields like biotechnology, which promise to eradicate disease, address climate collapse, and revolutionize agriculture. It also sits at the heart of defense, an industry that thrives in Pennsylvania.
Yet, one area of overlap in which both everyday citizens and AI experts agree is that they want to see more government control and regulation of the technology. Already seeing the impacts of political deepfakes, algorithmic bias, and rogue chatbots, AI has far outpaced legislation, often to disastrous effect.
In an interview with The Center Square, Penn researcher Dr. Michael Kearns said that he’s less worried about autonomous machines becoming all-powerful than the challenges already posed by AI.
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Kearns spends his time creating mathematical models and writing about how to embed ethical human principles into machine code. He believes that in some areas like chatbots, progress may have reached a point where improvements appear incremental for the average user. He cites the most recent ChatGPT update as evidence.
“I think the harms that are already being demonstrated are much more worrisome,” said Kearns. “Demographic bias, chatbots hurling racist invectives because they were trained on racist material, privacy leaks.”
Kearns says that a major barrier to getting effective regulatory policy is incentivizing experts to leave behind engaging work in the field as researchers and lucrative roles in tech in order to work on policy. Without people who understand how the algorithms operate, it’s difficult to create “auditable” regulations, meaning there are clear tests to pass.
Kearns pointed to ISO 420001. This is an international standard that focuses on process rather than outcome to guide developers in creating ethical AI. He also noted that the market itself is a strong guide. When someone gets hurt or hurts someone else using AI, it’s bad for business, incentivizing companies to do their due diligence.
He also noted crossroads where two ethical issues intersect. For instance, companies are entrusted with their users’ personal data. If policing misuse of the product requires an invasion of privacy, like accessing information stored on the cloud, there’s only so much that can be done.
OpenAI recently announced that it is scanning user conversations for concerning statements and escalating them to human teams, who may contact authorities when deemed appropriate. For some, the idea of alerting the police to someone suffering from mental illness is a dangerous breech. Still, it demonstrates the calculated risks AI companies have to make when faced with reports of suicide, psychosis, and violence arising out of conversations with chatbots.
Kearns says that even with the imperative for self-regulation on AI companies, he expects there to be more stumbling blocks before real improvement is seen in the absence of regulation. He cites watchdogs like the investigative journalists at ProPublica who demonstrated machine bias against Black people in programs used to inform criminal sentencing in 2016.
Kearns noted that the “headline risk” is not the same as enforceable regulation and mainly applies to well-established companies. For the most part, a company with a household name has an investment in maintaining a positive reputation. For others just getting started or flying under the radar, however, public pressure can’t replace law.
One area of AI concern that has been widely explored in the media is the use of AI by those who make and enforce the law. Kearns said, for his part, he’s found “three-letter agencies” to be “among the most conservative of AI adopters just because of the stakes involved.
In Pennsylvania, AI is used by the state police force.
In an email to The Center Square, PSP Communications Director Myles Snyder wrote, “The Pennsylvania State Police, like many law enforcement agencies, utilizes various technologies to enhance public safety and support our mission. Some of these tools incorporate AI-driven capabilities. The Pennsylvania State Police carefully evaluates these tools to ensure they align with legal, ethical, and operational considerations.”
PSP was unwilling to discuss the specifics of those technologies.
AI is also used by the U.S. military and other militaries around the world, including those of Israel, Ukraine, and Russia, who are demonstrating a fundamental shift in the way war is conducted through technology.
In Gaza, the Lavender AI system was used to identify and target individuals connected with Hamas, allowing human agents to approve strikes with acceptable numbers of civilian casualties, according to Israeli intelligence officials who spoke to The Guardian on the matter. Analysis of AI use in Ukraine calls for a nuanced understanding of the way the technology is being used and ways in which it should be regulated by international bodies governing warfare in the future.
Then, there are the more ephemeral concerns. Along with the long-looming “jobpocalypse,” many fear that offloading our day-to-day lives into the hands of AI may deplete our sense of meaning. Students using AI may fail to learn. Workers using AI may feel purposeless. Relationships with or grounded in AI may lead to disconnection.
Kearns acknowledged that there would be disruption in the classroom and workplace to navigate but it would also provide opportunities for people who previously may not have been able to gain entrance into challenging fields.
As for outsourcing joy, he asked “If somebody comes along with a robot that can play better tennis than you and you love playing tennis, are you going to stop playing tennis?”
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