By Richard D. Harroch and Dominique A. Harroch

Boxing is more than just a sport—it’s a theater of discipline, resilience, and raw power. The stories of boxing’s greatest champions are woven with tales of triumph over adversity, breathtaking victories, and an unmatched hunger for glory. These athletes step into the ring not only to battle their opponents but also to confront their own limits, pushing the boundaries of what the human spirit can endure.

Over the decades, boxing has produced some of the most celebrated athletes in history. Each generation has seen fighters who redefined the sport, brought crowds to their feet, and etched their names into the annals of greatness. These boxers weren’t just skilled pugilists; they were cultural icons who inspired millions with their courage and determination.

In this article, we count down the top 10 boxers of all time, with research assistance from ChatGPT. These fighters earned their places on this list through a combination of skill, legacy, and impact both inside and outside the ring.

1. Muhammad Ali

Muhammad Ali was a larger-than-life figure who transcended the sport of boxing. With his unmatched charisma, lightning-fast reflexes, and a fighting style as poetic as his words, Ali dominated the heavyweight division and became a global icon for his activism and larger-than-life personality.

• Nickname: The Greatest
• Weight Class: Heavyweight
• Record: 56 wins (37 KOs), 5 losses
• Notable Fights: “The Rumble in the Jungle” against George Foreman, “The Thrilla in Manila” against Joe Frazier
• Legacy Outside the Ring: Advocate for civil rights and a symbol of resistance against oppression
• Awards: Three-time heavyweight champion and Olympic gold medalist (1960)

A global survey of maintenance professionals has found that almost half of industrial businesses lack internal expertise to adopt advanced tools such as artificial intelligence.

The Ultimo Maintenance Trend Report, based on input from over 200 maintenance professionals worldwide, highlights how emerging technologies including AI, machine learning, and digital twins are increasingly being recognised as key enablers in enterprise asset management (EAM). The report also points to persistent workforce challenges and the important role of human skill in the successful implementation of these next-generation tools.

Shift to next-generation technologies

According to the survey, there has been a significant increase in interest in advanced technologies since the last Ultimo EAM Trend Report in 2023. When respondents were asked about which innovations they believe will have the most positive impact on their maintenance and business practices, contextual intelligence was cited by 68% of participants, markedly up from 8% one year earlier. Automation and robotics (49%) and machine learning (41%) were also highlighted as areas of strong interest. The proportion of professionals interested in digital twins has more than doubled, now reaching 40%.

Despite the interest in and potential benefits of these technologies, some significant barriers remain. The survey found that 49% of respondents lack the internal expertise necessary to implement advanced tools like AI and machine learning. For many organisations, this skills gap poses a key challenge to the wider adoption of digital technologies in industrial asset management.

Workforce challenges

The survey data also indicates that workforce issues continue to be a dominant concern. An aging workforce was identified as the most pressing trend impacting maintenance strategy by 63% of respondents, underlining the urgency of knowledge transfer and workforce planning for businesses in asset-heavy sectors. In parallel, 50% of participants stated that recruiting experienced staff was their primary source of disruption over the past year, suggesting that both immediate and long-term workforce needs are being keenly felt.

Insights from Ultimo

“From global instability to changing regulations, socio-economic and political shifts are creating uncertainty across industries. In this environment, agility is critical,” said Berend Booms, Head of EAM Insights at Ultimo, an IFS company. “EAM can also serve as a catalyst for innovation. Internet of Things (IoT), AI, ML, digital twins, and predictive analytics are rapidly transforming industrial businesses. They unlock smarter decision-making, greater efficiency, and a sharper competitive edge.”

Role of data and analytics in asset maintenance

The report further explores how increased availability of real-time data, enabled by technologies such as IoT and predictive analytics, is contributing to the evolution of EAM systems. The perceived impact of predictive modelling has tripled according to this year’s findings compared with the previous year’s survey. Yet, with 49% of businesses citing inadequate internal know-how as a limiting factor, practical uptake remains uneven across industries and markets.

Modern EAM systems have moved beyond solely serving as record-keeping tools. By integrating AI and maintenance data, these systems are now being used to produce actionable insights, helping maintenance teams anticipate needs and transition from reactive repairs to proactive strategies. This shift, according to the research, is enabling organisations to improve efficiency, reduce downtime, and derive greater value from their maintenance investments.

Ultimo has introduced AI-powered EAM features designed to be accessible and deployable without the need for in-house AI model development or significant infrastructure investments. These capabilities aim to lower adoption barriers and facilitate immediate operational improvements for asset-heavy enterprises.

The Maintenance Trend Report, which contains contributions from Verdantix, TwinThread, ABS Consulting, and MaxGrip, states that blending human expertise with intelligent systems is likely to be the most effective approach as businesses strive to enhance their asset maintenance functions. As noted in the report, technology alone does not provide a complete solution, but the combination of skilled professionals and advanced digital tools is shaping future directions in maintenance management.

The survey captured perspectives from professionals working in sectors including manufacturing, healthcare, energy, utilities, telecommunications, transportation, and logistics, across a wide range of company sizes. Respondents were drawn from Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, UK, USA, and Sweden.

More than 100 people lost their lives in July when flash floods ravaged Central Texas, illustrating the devastation that’s possible when mounting natural disasters are met with inefficient government responses. Agencies operated in complete silos as the floods quickly destroyed communities — county emergency systems couldn’t share real-time data with state coordinators while rescue teams worked from incompatible dispatch networks — resulting in desolation that was completely amplified by the failure of civic communications technology.

Today, our cities and towns operate like 18th-century mansions rewired with modern gadgets: functional in calm weather, yet lethal in storms. And as climate disasters intensify, cyber warfare evolves and AI-powered threats emerge, the “smart city” model that promised efficiency through sensors and dashboards has proven dangerously inadequate in recent years.

The path forward is not more tech — it’s new architecture. We need cities that don’t just collect data, but process that data in real time to adapt, evolve and take action as unified living systems. They can’t just be “smart,” but instead must be “omni” cities: urban ecosystems with integrated AI nervous systems that coordinate every element of civic life with both precision and purpose.

THE FRAGMENTATION CRISIS

Today’s cities are digital archipelagos. A drone from one vendor can’t share data with a robot from another, while emergency systems speak different languages. This is not inefficiency, but a structural failure seen across virtually every U.S. metropolis.

This fragmentation has been our downfall during the greatest of tragedies. When Hurricane Helene struck in 2024, outdoor sirens stayed silent while cell networks collapsed — not because the technology failed, but because nothing was designed to work together. Several months later when California wildfires forced 200,000 evacuations earlier this year, communication breakdowns and uncoordinated shelters led to 31 preventable deaths.

Yet these communication issues are not isolated to climate disasters. In fact, they’re happening in small ways every day, from 911 dispatch failures to fractured public transport services. And as time passes, new threats are emerging faster than cities can adapt, from AI-powered cyber attacks targeting infrastructure vulnerabilities, to weaponized drone swarms exploiting communication gaps. Our fragmented civic networks don’t just lag behind these challenges — they amplify them.

BEYOND ‘SMART’: THE OMNI CITY VISION

Just as smart cities promised efficiency in the 2010s, omni cities will deliver the resilience needed to face the looming threats of the next decade.

As suggested by its name, an omni city operates as a unified organism in which every component shares a common protocol for crisis response. When a wildfire approaches an omni city, the city doesn’t just sound alarms — it automatically reroutes traffic, opens shelters and coordinates evacuation routes while emergency teams receive real-time data from every connected system.

This isn’t science fiction; cities like Houston are already testing integrated frameworks that link climate response, public safety and mobility systems. The difference of an omni city, however, lies in treating cities as ecosystems rather than collections of isolated smart devices.

The key is interoperability — not just between machines, but between machines and humans. This requires a city-scale operating system that allows autonomous tools, public responders and ethical protocols to work in lockstep. Instead of retrofitting isolated apps, this OS treats cities like systems, linking drones, sensors, robotics, transport and emergency teams through a unified protocol layer.

When cities become more intelligent, they must also become more accountable, particularly in regards to equity. The smart city movement failed in part because it prioritized convenience for the wealthy (or those who can access technology in the first place) over resilience for everyone. Omni cities must flip this model by prioritizing resilience testing in the places most vulnerable to system failures, with the communities that legacy infrastructure has consistently ignored. This isn’t charity, it’s engineering. Systems that can’t serve everyone can’t truly serve anyone.

THE MOMENT FOR ACTION

While exploring the next iteration of a “smart city” may feel daunting, local governments don’t need federal permission to begin. They can start by requiring interoperability standards for new public technology, creating transparent audit systems for automated decisions and prioritizing deployments in underserved communities. The goal isn’t to build perfect cities overnight, but to create the foundations for urban systems that can evolve with emerging challenges.

The era of omni cities begins with recognizing that in a world of cascading crises, our urban infrastructure must become our first responder. Cities that understand this won’t just survive — they’ll define what governance means in the age of artificial intelligence.

When infrastructure thinks as fast as threats emerge, resilience becomes possible. The question is not whether cities will evolve, but which ones will evolve first.

Cesar R. Hernandez is an Equity Fellow in the Center for Public Leadership at Harvard Kennedy School.