Education
High school sleuths search fish guts for clues to plastic pollution
NEW YORK — The fish, glassy-eyed and inert, had been dead for decades. Yet its belly held possible clues to an environmental crisis unfolding in real time.
Forceps in hand, Mia Fricano, a high school junior, was about to investigate. She turned over the fish, a bluegill, and slid in a blade, before extracting its gastrointestinal tract. Then, she carried the fish innards to a beaker filled with a solution that would dissolve the biological material, revealing if there were any tiny particles of plastic — known as microplastics — inside.
Mia and two other high schoolers working alongside her in a lab this spring were part of a program at the American Museum of Natural History designed to give young people hands-on experience in professional science. Called the Science Research Mentoring Program, or SRMP (pronounced “shrimp”), the program enrolls roughly 60 high school juniors and seniors each year who collaborate with scientists on a research project.
Mia and her peers were matched with Ryan Thoni, an ichthyologist and curatorial associate in the museum’s division of vertebrate zoology. Thoni’s project to gather information on when and how microplastics began to enter the environment relied on the museum’s vast collection of fish specimens dating from more than a century ago — some 3.2 million in total.
Concern about the tiny pieces of plastic debris has grown in the last few years, along with early-stage research on the health risks they pose. The particles are found in human blood, breast milk and even the brain — and in animals, including, as it turned out, nearly all the fish in Thoni’s lab.
“It was kind of shocking to see just how many we did find,” Mia said later. “We weren’t expecting to find more than two to three per fish but in some fish, we would find over 15.” Specimens from the 1970s or earlier were less likely to contain high levels of microplastic, more than three or so pieces, and fish near urban centers seemed to have more of the plastics, on average, than fish from less populated areas.
“It really does make you realize just how much the environment has been affected,” said Mia. “There hasn’t been a lot of research on it yet,” she added. “Our project might be able to help future people who are also doing research on microplastics.”
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SRMP, started in 2009, is operating at a time when the federal government is eliminating fellowships and other support for early career scientists, and defunding scientific research broadly. That both amplifies the need for, and complicates the work of, programs like this one, said Amanda Townley, executive director of the nonprofit National Center for Science Education. Over the last 15 years in particular, such programs have played a big role in giving students a chance to do the kind of applied science that is rarely available in K-12 classrooms because of money and time constraints, she said.
“Museums, university extensions, sometimes libraries, have really done this tremendous job of creating spaces for high school and younger students to engage with scientists doing science,” said Townley. “Those museums, libraries and universities are all under attack.” She added: “We’re going to see a generational impact.”
While the American Museum of Natural History has received some federal government funding, the SRMP program’s money comes from private foundations and individual donors, with additional support from the New York City Council. Students in SRMP participate in a summer institute in August, when they learn basics like how to investigate research questions. Then they spend two afternoons a week during the school year on their projects.
Each student receives a stipend, $2,500 over the course of the year. “It’s really important for high school students to know their time is valuable,” said Maria Strangas, the museum’s assistant director of science research experiences. “They are doing something here that is really useful for the researchers; it’s an education program, but they aren’t the only ones who are benefiting.”
Students from New York City schools that partner with the museum can apply, as well as those who have participated in programs with the museum in the past. SRMP has also spawned a network of about 30 similar programs across the city, with institutions including Brooklyn College, Bronx River Alliance and many others participating.
In the lab on the sixth floor of the museum, Mia, who attends the New York City Museum School, cleaned out a beaker, while Yuki Chen, a senior at Central Park East High School, sat at a metal table, dissecting a pike. Thoni inserted a slide containing material harvested from one of the fish under a microscope, and pointed out a few microplastics, which looked like threads.
Freyalise Matasar, a junior at the Ethical Culture Fieldston School in the Bronx, plucked a white sucker fish from a jar. She said SRMP had altered her career trajectory. Before the program, she was considering studying journalism in college, but her experience this year persuaded her to focus on engineering and data science instead.
“I have totally fallen in love with science,” she said. “It’s been an amazing experience to see what professional science looks like — and more than just see it, to be a part of it.”
Freyalise said she wanted to build those skills in order to help fight climate change, perhaps by working on weather models to predict climate risks and ideally spur people to action. “It’s the biggest problem faced by our generation. It’s inescapable and unignorable, no matter how much people try,” she said. “It’s everyone’s responsibility to do what they can to fight it.”
Related: So much for saving the planet. Science careers, and many others, evaporate for class of 2025
Microplastics contribute to climate change in several ways, including by potentially disrupting oceans’ ability to sequester carbon and by directly emitting greenhouse gases.
Interest in climate science among young people is growing, even as the federal government tries to zero out funding for it. Other climate-related topics SRMP students explored this year included the climate on exoplanets, the ecology of sea anemones and aquatic wildlife conservation in New York City.
Sometimes the fish dissections were gross: Mia, who plans to study biology and machine learning in college, sliced into one large fish to find poorly preserved, rotten innards — and a major stink. Sometimes they provided a lesson beyond pollution: Yuki identified a small pickerel inside a larger one. (Pickerels prey even on members of their own species, the students learned.)
The scientists in the program, most of whom are postdoctoral fellows, are trained on how to be effective mentors. “Scientists are often not trained in mentorship; it’s something that people pick up organically seeing good or bad examples in their own lives,” said Strangas. “A lot of it comes down to: ‘Think about the impact you want to have, think about the impact you don’t want to have, think about the power dynamic at play, and what this student in front of you wants to get out of it.’”
Thoni earned rave reviews from the students, who said he ensured they understood each step of the research process without being patronizing.
Thoni’s next steps include working to publish the microplastics research, which could earn the students their first co-authorship in a scientific journal. “Aside from forgetting to put on gloves,” he said in a playful jab at one student, “they can operate this machine on their own. They do science.”
Contact editor Caroline Preston at 212-870-8965, via Signal at CarolineP.83 or on email at preston@hechingerreport.org.
This story about science careers was produced by The Hechinger Report, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. Sign up for the Hechinger newsletter on climate and education.
Education
Minister won’t rule out support cuts for children with EHCPs amid Send overhaul – UK politics live – UK politics live | Politics
Minister won’t rule out support cuts for children with EHCPs amid Send overhaul
Good morning. Less than a week after the government had to abandon the main pillar of its welfare reform plans 90 minutes before a vote it was otherwise likely to lose, the government is now facing another revolt over plans to scale back support available to disabled people. But this row affects children, not adults – specifically pupils with special educational needs who have education, health and care plans (EHCPs) that guarantee them extra help in schools.
As Richard Adams and Kiran Stacey report, although the plans have not been announced yet, campaigners are alarmed by reports that access to EHCPs is set to be restricted.
The Times has splashed on the same issue.
The Times quotes an unnamed senior Labour MP saying: “If they thought taking money away from disabled adults was bad, watch what happens when they try the same with disabled kids.”
Stephen Morgan, the early education minister, was giving interviews this morning. He was supposed to be talking about the government’s Giving Every Child the Best Start in Life strategy being announced today, but instead he mostly took questions on EHCPs.
On Times Radio, asked if he could guarantee that every child who currently has an EHCP would continue to keep the same provisions, Morgan would not confirm that. Instead he replied:
We absolutely want to make sure that we deliver better support for vulnerable children and their parents and we’re committed to absolutely getting that right. So it’s a real priority for us.
When it was put to him that he was not saying yes, he replied:
Well of course we want to make sure that every child gets the support that they need. That’s why we’re doing the wider reform and we’re publishing the white paper later this year.
Here is the agenda for the day.
Morning: Nigel Farage attends a meeting of Kent county council where his party, Reform UK, is in power.
11.30am: Downing Street holds a lobby briefing.
11.30am: Keir Starmer and other leaders attend a memorial service at St Paul’s Cathedral in London to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the 7/7 attacks.
2.30pm: Yvette Cooper, the home secretary, takes questions in the Commons.
If you want to contact me, please post a message below the line when comments are open (normally between 10am and 3pm at the moment), or message me on social media. I can’t read all the messages BTL, but if you put “Andrew” in a message aimed at me, I am more likely to see it because I search for posts containing that word.
If you want to flag something up urgently, it is best to use social media. You can reach me on Bluesky at @andrewsparrowgdn.bsky.social. The Guardian has given up posting from its official accounts on X, but individual Guardian journalists are there, I still have my account, and if you message me there at @AndrewSparrow, I will see it and respond if necessary.
I find it very helpful when readers point out mistakes, even minor typos. No error is too small to correct. And I find your questions very interesting too. I can’t promise to reply to them all, but I will try to reply to as many as I can, either BTL or sometimes in the blog.
Key events
Unison and Usdaw join other unions in urging Labour to consider introducing wealth tax
As Peter Walker reports, Neil Kinnock, the former Labour leader, said the government should consider a wealth tax, in an interview with Sky News.
Today the Daily Telegraph has splashed on the proposal.
In their story, Ben Riley-Smith, Dominic Penna and Hannah Boland quote five trade unions also supporting a wealth tax.
Some of them them are leftwing unions long associated with calls for wealth taxes. Unite told the paper it had “led the campaign for a wealth tax inside and outside the Labour party”. Steve Wright, general secretary of the FBU, told the paper that “introducing a wealth tax to fund public services, a generous welfare state, and workers’ pay must be a priority in the second year of a Labour government. And Matt Wrack, the former FBU general secretary who is now acting general secretary of Nasuwt, called for an “immediate introduction of a wealth tax”, which he said had “very significant public support”.
But two unions seen as less militant and more aligned with the Labour leadership (which is wary of ‘tax the rich’ rhetoric) have backed the idea. Christina McAnea, general secretary of Unison, told the Telegraph: “A wealth tax would be a much fairer way of raising revenue to invest in public services and grow the economy.”
And Paddy Lillis, the general secretary of Usdaw, said: “We know wealth in this country is with a small number of people. [A wealth tax] is one way of raising money quickly.”
Government plans to overhaul Send provision will be about ‘strengthening’ the system, minister says
Stephen Morgan, the early education minister, told LBC that the government proposals to overhaul special educational needs and disabilities (Send) provision would be about “strengthening” the system.
Asked if he could say parents of children with Send had nothing to fear from the plans, which are due to be announced in the autumn, Morgan replied:
Absolutely. What we want to do is make sure we’ve got a better system in place as a result of the reform that we’re doing that improves outcomes for children with additional needs.
But, asked if the plans would involve scrapping ECHPs, Morgan replied:
We’re looking at all things in the round. I’m not going to get into the mechanics today, but this is about strengthening support for the system.
Here is the letter to the Guardian, signed by dozens of special needs and disability charities and campaigners, that is covered in our splash story about opposition to proposals to restrict access to education, health and care plans (EHCPs). (See 9.34am.)
Here is John Harris’s column on the topic.
And here is an extract.
Since Labour won the election, rising noise has been coming from Whitehall and beyond about drastically restricting the legal rights to dedicated provision that underpin the education of hundreds of thousands of children and young people. Those rights are enforced by the official Send tribunal, and embodied in education, health and care plans (EHCPs), which set out children’s needs and the provision they entail in a legally binding document. Contrary to what you read in certain news outlets, they are not any kind of “golden ticket”: parents and carers used to unreturned phone calls and long waits still frequently have to fight their local councils for the help their plans set out. But – and as a special needs parent, I speak from experience – they usually allow stressed-out families to just about sleep at night.
For about 40 years, such rights have been a cornerstone of the Send system. But their future is now uncertain: councils, in particular, are frantically lobbying ministers to get parents and their pesky rights out of the way. Late last year, a government source quoted in the Financial Times held out the prospect of “thousands fewer pupils” having access to rights-based provision. Despite the fact that EHCPs are most sorely needed in mainstream schools, a senior adviser to the Department for Education recently said that a consideration of whether EHCPs should no longer apply to children in exactly those settings is “the conversation we’re in the middle of”. There are whispers about families who currently have EHCPs being allowed to keep them, while in the future, kids with similar needs would be waved away, something that threatens a stereotypical two-tier model, another element with worrying echoes of the benefits disaster.
Consumer confidence rising, survey suggests
The majority of UK households are feeling financially secure, with 70% of people confident enough to plan a summer holiday, according to a survey. PA Media reports:
The number of people feeling financially secure has risen this quarter by three percentage points to 58%, while confidence that the UK economy is improving has risen to 17% from one in 10 three months ago, the KPMG Consumer Pulse poll found.
The survey of 3,000 UK adults, taken in early June, found 50% feel able to spend freely, although 14% say they are still having to actively cut their discretionary spending to pay for essentials, and 3% of are incurring debt to do so …
Despite the quarterly improvement in economic confidence, half of people (51%) feel that the economy is still worsening – although this is down from 58% in the previous quarter.
Those saying that the economy is getting worse cite the cost of their groceries (79%), utilities (74%), and the general state of public services where they live (42%).
Linda Ellett, head of consumer, retail and leisure at KPMG UK, said: “Consumer confidence has rallied over the last quarter and only a fifth of consumers now feel insecure about their financial circumstance. Businesses will be hoping that this improvement brings about increased spending confidence during the summer months.
“But macroeconomic confidence still looms large, with half of consumers still to be convinced that the economy isn’t worsening.”
Minister won’t rule out support cuts for children with EHCPs amid Send overhaul
Good morning. Less than a week after the government had to abandon the main pillar of its welfare reform plans 90 minutes before a vote it was otherwise likely to lose, the government is now facing another revolt over plans to scale back support available to disabled people. But this row affects children, not adults – specifically pupils with special educational needs who have education, health and care plans (EHCPs) that guarantee them extra help in schools.
As Richard Adams and Kiran Stacey report, although the plans have not been announced yet, campaigners are alarmed by reports that access to EHCPs is set to be restricted.
The Times has splashed on the same issue.
The Times quotes an unnamed senior Labour MP saying: “If they thought taking money away from disabled adults was bad, watch what happens when they try the same with disabled kids.”
Stephen Morgan, the early education minister, was giving interviews this morning. He was supposed to be talking about the government’s Giving Every Child the Best Start in Life strategy being announced today, but instead he mostly took questions on EHCPs.
On Times Radio, asked if he could guarantee that every child who currently has an EHCP would continue to keep the same provisions, Morgan would not confirm that. Instead he replied:
We absolutely want to make sure that we deliver better support for vulnerable children and their parents and we’re committed to absolutely getting that right. So it’s a real priority for us.
When it was put to him that he was not saying yes, he replied:
Well of course we want to make sure that every child gets the support that they need. That’s why we’re doing the wider reform and we’re publishing the white paper later this year.
Here is the agenda for the day.
Morning: Nigel Farage attends a meeting of Kent county council where his party, Reform UK, is in power.
11.30am: Downing Street holds a lobby briefing.
11.30am: Keir Starmer and other leaders attend a memorial service at St Paul’s Cathedral in London to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the 7/7 attacks.
2.30pm: Yvette Cooper, the home secretary, takes questions in the Commons.
If you want to contact me, please post a message below the line when comments are open (normally between 10am and 3pm at the moment), or message me on social media. I can’t read all the messages BTL, but if you put “Andrew” in a message aimed at me, I am more likely to see it because I search for posts containing that word.
If you want to flag something up urgently, it is best to use social media. You can reach me on Bluesky at @andrewsparrowgdn.bsky.social. The Guardian has given up posting from its official accounts on X, but individual Guardian journalists are there, I still have my account, and if you message me there at @AndrewSparrow, I will see it and respond if necessary.
I find it very helpful when readers point out mistakes, even minor typos. No error is too small to correct. And I find your questions very interesting too. I can’t promise to reply to them all, but I will try to reply to as many as I can, either BTL or sometimes in the blog.
Key points:
In an era where workforce demands and the needs of high school learners are rapidly evolving, a new survey by Penn Foster Group sheds light on how teachers are reimagining education to better equip students for success.
Conducted at the start of the year, the survey of over 300 high school teachers underscores the growing need for educators to offer career-focused learning content and alternative high school pathways that equip students with workforce-ready skills in flexible ways beyond traditional schooling.
Teachers overwhelmingly reported a surge in interest among students to enter the workforce directly after graduation, with nearly 70 percent noting this trend had increased significantly in the past five years. This shift reflects a broader move toward practical, skills-based learning, as more than half of respondents (54 percent) shared plans to center their curricula around real-world skills. One teacher captured the essence of this approach, stating, “Students want to see how what they’re learning connects to their future. Showing them real-world applications keeps them engaged and motivated.”
By incorporating skills-based learning into their curricula, educators are equipping students with the tools necessary to transition seamlessly into the workforce after graduation–and online education is poised to play a pivotal role in this evolution. Nearly three-quarters of the teachers surveyed predict a rise in demand for online learning programs, with 70 percent agreeing that such programs are essential to workforce preparation. Educators pointed to flexibility and accessibility as key benefits, enabling students to balance education with other responsibilities while building critical skills for future careers.
The data in the survey also revealed that cost, faster completion times, and alignment with job opportunities are driving students toward nontraditional pathways. With 64 percent of educators expressing confidence in online learning as a viable alternative to traditional schooling, the shift toward digital and skills-based education is expected to continue accelerating, especially as high school learners are seeking more options for flexibility in their environment.
“As the educational landscape continues to evolve, it’s clear that traditional pathways are no longer enough to meet the diverse needs of today’s students,” said Andy Shean, Chief Learning Officer at Penn Foster Group. “This survey emphasizes the critical need for flexible, skills-based, and accessible learning options that prepare students for career success and keep them on track for graduation while supporting their overall well-being. By embracing innovative models such as online education, credit recovery, summer school, and blended learning, we can ensure that students not only graduate but thrive in an ever-changing world.”
Mental health remains a pressing issue, with 72 percent of teachers anticipating an increase in anxiety and stress among students in 2025. Teachers cited these challenges, along with social isolation and academic pressure as barriers to engagement and success. In response, many educators are implementing innovative strategies such as project-based learning, internships, and career exploration opportunities to meet students where they are and offer better support.
Online learning also serves as a lifeline for students who need additional support to stay on track for graduation. Penn Foster Group works with teachers and counselors who highlight the growing use of online courses for credit recovery, summer school, and blended learning models, allowing students in traditional schools to customize their education to meet their unique needs. These programs provide students with a second chance to earn missed credits, accelerate their progress, and engage with coursework in a way that accommodates personal schedules, extracurricular commitments, and other responsibilities.
As demand for alternative learning pathways rises, Penn Foster Group remains at the forefront of education innovation by focusing on practical skills and flexible, online program delivery. The latest data reinforces Penn Foster Group’s commitment to delivering forward-thinking education that empowers high school learners’ continued adaptability and success.
This press release originally appeared online.
Education
Microsoft Partners with eVidyaloka to Revolutionize AI Education for 37,000 Rural Students in India, ET Education
In a transformative push to bring Artificial Intelligence (AI) education to the heart of rural India, Microsoft, in partnership with eVidyaloka, is empowering around 37,000 students with Responsible AI training through Build Rural Artificial Intelligence Network (BRAIN) program. Now, in its second year, BRAIN has grown from 300 government schools in its pilot phase to more than 400 schools across 10 states of India.
Drawing on Microsoft’s Responsible AI principles and powered by its technology, curriculum, corporate social responsibility grants, devices, and volunteer network with strategic corporate partners, the program is not only teaching foundational AI concepts, but also enabling hands-on innovation in the classrooms, where access to advanced digital tools was once unimaginable.
One of the milestones in this year was the distribution of laptops to 108 government schools through Microsoft’s in-kind donation program, enabling more than 6,000 students to experience AI for the first time, through hands-on learning. Meanwhile, the Teacher Training (ToT) program equipped 343 educators in nine states with AI pedagogy and digital skills, laying the foundation for sustainable, long-term impact.
At the center of this initiative, offering 22 modules on AI for students and teachers is BRAINIAC 2025, a national AI innovation challenge that puts knowledge into action. It invites students from the government schools to identify pressing local issues in their schools or neighbourhoods and design practical, AI-powered solutions. By blending classroom instruction with hands-on problem-solving, BRAINIAC transforms digital education into a tool for grassroots innovation and community impact.
In this year’s challenge, 748 student teams (1,496 students) have come forward with innovative AI-driven prototypes addressing real-life issues, from smart dustbins and navigational systems to energy management tools and attendance solutions. Guided by trained Class Assistants and volunteer mentors, the initiative is redefining what students can achieve when given the right platform.
The program’s reach is further amplified by eVidyaloka’s Teach Through Television (TTT) model, which blends television and online content to overcome access barriers. In 2024–25, the TTT platform recorded 14.58 lakh views, delivering AI modules in five languages—Telugu, Tamil, Hindi, Kannada, and English—with redesigned content broken into 66 short, engaging lessons enhanced with motion graphics and interactive quizzes.
“Through the BRAINIAC Challenge, we are not just introducing rural students to Artificial Intelligence, we are enabling them to become thinkers, creators, and problem-solvers in their own communities. It’s heartening to see students take ownership of their learning journeys and build solutions that are meaningful, relevant, and deeply rooted in the community.” said Brinda Poornapragna, CEO of eVidyaloka.
Microsoft’s volunteer ecosystem has played a key role in co-developing curriculum and hosting student’s Meet & Greets with tech professionals. Collaborative efforts with Microsoft’s partner organisations like Nirmaan to adapt the BRAIN curriculum, further extended the reach of this Responsible AI course to 4,100 students across Tamil Nadu, ensuring exposure to global tech thinking even in India’s remotest classrooms.
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